... for both destinations and cultural contexts. Animosity is a strong factor in tourists’ decisions, whereas perceived risk has a relatively insignificant impact. Knowledge of the conflict is also found to influence decisions about visiting conflict-ridden destinations. Originality/value The study...

...Lei Wang; Philip Pong Weng Wong; Qi Zhang Purpose Prior tourism literature neglected the negative motivational or attitudinal elements influencing individuals’ travel destination decisions. This study aims to examine the relationships between animosity, ethnocentrism, attitude, subjective norm (SN...

..., Pornpitakpan and Tan (2014) found that Malaysians, who thought that the USA could have controlled the development of the Asian economic crisis, were more likely to harbor animosity toward the USA. Karyotis (2020a , 2020b) found that some individuals hold foreign and local governments responsible...

...Villy Abraham; Yaniv Poria Purpose Drawing on the theories of social identity and realistic conflict theory, the purpose of this study is to enrich the literature by proposing and testing a model conceptualizing the relationships between animosity, an antecedent (tourists’ perception of a heritage...