Table 3

Discriminant validity

TOLTIVTCLTISTUCCL
TOL0.797     
TIV0.6950.816    
TCL0.5410.5080.799   
TIS0.4470.4790.4540.797  
TUC0.5610.4560.3860.5490.779 
CL0.7730.4520.6820.4950.5650.796

Note(s): a. TOL = Techno-overload, TIV = Techno-invasion, TCL = Techno-complexity, TIS = Techno-insecurity, TUC = Techno-uncertainty, CL = Cyber-loafing

b. Diagonal values (italic) are the square root of the AVE of each construct

Source(s): Authors’ own work

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