| Enterprise income | Annual net income earned by the household from the enterprise | Log of annual net income from the enterprise |
| Enterprise failure | Whether the enterprise ceased operations between 2004 and 2011 | Binary variable: 1 = business failed, 0 = business continued operations |
| Household income group | Categorization of households into income levels for analysis | Binary variable: 1 = lower-income (bottom 20th percentile), 0 = higher-income (top 20th percentile) |
| Entrepreneur education | Education level of the primary decision-maker in the enterprise | Number of years of formal education completed by the primary decision-maker |
| Household education | Education levels across members of the household | Average education of all members of the household |
| Number of family members | Number of family members involved in the enterprise | Count of family members directly participating in enterprise activities |
| Gender | Gender of the primary decision-maker in the enterprise | Binary variable: 1 = male and 0 = female |
| Type of enterprise | Classification of the business activity undertaken by the household | Binary variable: 1 = retail and 0 = manufacturing |
| Household income | Total annual income of the household | Inverse hyperbolic sine (IHS) transformation applied to income data |
| Household consumption | Monthly consumption expenditure of the household | IHS transformation applied to monthly consumption data |
| Social group | Categorical classification of households by social identity | Seven exclusive groups: Brahmins, forward castes, other backward classes, Dalits, Adivasis, Muslims and others |
| Location | Whether the household resides in an urban or rural area | Binary variable: 1 = urban, 0 = rural |