Research instrument: original vs. modified scales
| Constructs | original items | Source |
|---|---|---|
| PE | 1.1 I find TikTok useful in searching for travel information 1.2 Travel information shared by TikTok users is useful 1.3 Using TikTok can help me keep abreast of the travel information of the destination in real-time 1.4 Using TikTok can help me choose and determine the destination faster | (Venkatesh et al., 2012; Zhou et al., 2023) |
| EE | 2.1 I think learning to use TikTok is easy 2.2 The user interface of TikTok is clear and easy to understand 2.3 I can easily search for travel information using TikTok | (Venkatesh et al., 2012; Zhou et al., 2023) |
| SI | 3.1 If people around me (family, friends, peers) use TikTok to search for travel-related videos, I will be interested in using it 3.2 If a celebrity, star or blogger I respect or love posts a travel video on TikTok, I will be interested in using it 3.3 The recommendations of people around me will affect my willingness to use TikTok for destination selection | (Venkatesh et al., 2012; Zhou et al., 2023) |
| FC | 4.1 I have the resources needed to use TikTok (mobile device, internet) 4.2 I know how to use TikTok to search for short travel videos 4.3 When I have trouble using TikTok, I can ask others or customer service for help | (Venkatesh et al., 2012; Zhou et al., 2023) |
| HM | 5.1 The short tourism video content on TikTok is interesting and fun 5.2 Watching short travel videos on TikTok makes me feel good 5.3 I would love to use TikTok to scan travel destinations | (Venkatesh et al., 2012; Zhou et al., 2023) |
| PV | 6.1 Mobile Internet is reasonably priced 6.2 Mobile Internet is a good value for the money 6.3 At the current price, mobile internet provides a good value | (Venkatesh et al., 2012; Gupta and Dogra, 2017; Kamboj and Joshi, 2020) |
| HA | 7.1 I am used to using TikTok to watch short travel videos 7.2 I use TikTok when I need travel information 7.3 It is natural for me to use TikTok to help me make destination decisions when I need to | (Venkatesh et al., 2012; Zhou et al., 2023) |
| PR | 8.1 It is expected that online sellers are well-known 8.2 It is expected that online sellers have good reputations 8.3 It is expected that online sellers have reputations for being honest | Kim (2012) |
| SIV | 9.1 When watching a live stream, I can exchange and share opinions with the streamer or other audiences easily 9.2 When watching a live stream, I feel closer to the streamer 9.3 When I am watching a live stream, the streamer provides sufficient opportunities to respond and ask a question | (Chen et al., 2018; Perez-Vega et al., 2018) |
| BI | 10.l I would like to try/learn to use TikTok for destination decision making 10.2 I would like to continue to use TikTok to make destination decisions in future travel 10.3 I would like to recommend others to use TikTok search information to make destination decisions | (Venkatesh et al., 2012; Zhou et al., 2023) |
| AB | 11.1 I am going to use TikTok for destination decision-making 11.2 If I have already used it, I will continue to use TikTok for destination decisions in the future 11.3 I plan to recommend using TikTok for destination decision-making to my friends and family | (Venkatesh et al., 2012; Zhou et al., 2023) |
| Constructs | Modified items | |
| PE | 1.1 I find SNSs useful in searching for travel information 1.2 Using SNSs can help me make travel plans efficiently 1.3 Travel information shared by SNS users is useful 1.4 Using SNSs can help me keep abreast of the travel information of the destination in real-time | |
| EE | 2.1 I think learning to use SNSs is easy 2.2 The user interface of SNSs is clear and easy to understand 2.3 I can easily search for travel information using SNSs | |
| SI | 3.1 If people around me (family, friends, peers) use SNSs to search for travel-related information, I will be interested in using them 3.2 If a celebrity, stars or a blogger I respect or love recommend me to use SNSs, I will be interested in using it 3.3 The recommendations of people around me will affect my willingness to use SNSs. | |
| FC | 4.1 I have a mobile phone (or computer) to support me in using SNSs 4.2 I know how to use SNSs to search for travel-related information 4.3 I can get help from others when I have difficulties using SNSs | |
| HM | 5.1 The tourism-related content in SNSs is interesting and fun 5.2 Reading travel tips on SNSs makes me feel good 5.3 I would love to use SNSs to make travel plans | |
| PV | 6.1 Reasonably priced travel products or services offered on SNSs 6.2 Value for money for travel products or services offered on SNSs 6.3 At the current price, travel products or services offered on SNSs are good value | |
| HA | 7.1 I am used to using SNSs to search for travel-related information 7.2 I use SNSs when I need travel information 7.3 It is natural for me to use SNSs to help me make travel decisions when I need to | |
| PR | 8.1 It is expected that SNSs are well-known 8.2 It is expected that SNSs have good reputations 8.3 It is expected that SNSs have reputations for being honest | |
| SIV | 9.1 When using SNSs, I can exchange and share travel experiences with other users easily 9.2 When using SNSs, I can relate to other people who love travelling 9.3I was able to get support and help from social networks | |
| BI | 10.1 I would like to try/learn to use SNSs for travel decision making 10.2 I would like to continue to use SNSs to make travel decisions in future travel 10.3 I would like to recommend others to use SNSs’ search information to make travel decisions | |
| AB | 11.1 I am going to use SNSs for travel decision-making 11.2 If I have already used it, I will continue to use SNSs for travel decisions in the future 11.3 I plan to recommend using SNSs for travel decision-making to my friends and family | |
| Constructs | original items | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 1.1 I find TikTok useful in searching for travel information 1.2 Travel information shared by TikTok users is useful 1.3 Using TikTok can help me keep abreast of the travel information of the destination in real-time 1.4 Using TikTok can help me choose and determine the destination faster | ( | |
| 2.1 I think learning to use TikTok is easy 2.2 The user interface of TikTok is clear and easy to understand 2.3 I can easily search for travel information using TikTok | ( | |
| 3.1 If people around me (family, friends, peers) use TikTok to search for travel-related videos, I will be interested in using it 3.2 If a celebrity, star or blogger I respect or love posts a travel video on TikTok, I will be interested in using it 3.3 The recommendations of people around me will affect my willingness to use TikTok for destination selection | ( | |
| 4.1 I have the resources needed to use TikTok (mobile device, internet) 4.2 I know how to use TikTok to search for short travel videos 4.3 When I have trouble using TikTok, I can ask others or customer service for help | ( | |
| 5.1 The short tourism video content on TikTok is interesting and fun 5.2 Watching short travel videos on TikTok makes me feel good 5.3 I would love to use TikTok to scan travel destinations | ( | |
| 6.1 Mobile Internet is reasonably priced 6.2 Mobile Internet is a good value for the money 6.3 At the current price, mobile internet provides a good value | ( | |
| 7.1 I am used to using TikTok to watch short travel videos 7.2 I use TikTok when I need travel information 7.3 It is natural for me to use TikTok to help me make destination decisions when I need to | ( | |
| 8.1 It is expected that online sellers are well-known 8.2 It is expected that online sellers have good reputations 8.3 It is expected that online sellers have reputations for being honest | ||
| 9.1 When watching a live stream, I can exchange and share opinions with the streamer or other audiences easily 9.2 When watching a live stream, I feel closer to the streamer 9.3 When I am watching a live stream, the streamer provides sufficient opportunities to respond and ask a question | ( | |
| 10.l I would like to try/learn to use TikTok for destination decision making 10.2 I would like to continue to use TikTok to make destination decisions in future travel 10.3 I would like to recommend others to use TikTok search information to make destination decisions | ( | |
| 11.1 I am going to use TikTok for destination decision-making 11.2 If I have already used it, I will continue to use TikTok for destination decisions in the future 11.3 I plan to recommend using TikTok for destination decision-making to my friends and family | ( | |
| Constructs | Modified items | |
| 1.1 I find SNSs useful in searching for travel information 1.2 Using SNSs can help me make travel plans efficiently 1.3 Travel information shared by | ||
| 2.1 I think learning to use SNSs is easy 2.2 The user interface of SNSs is clear and easy to understand 2.3 I can easily search for travel information using SNSs | ||
| 3.1 If people around me (family, friends, peers) use SNSs to search for travel-related information, I will be interested in using them 3.2 If a celebrity, stars or a blogger I respect or love recommend me to use SNSs, I will be interested in using it 3.3 The recommendations of people around me will affect my willingness to use SNSs. | ||
| 4.1 I have a mobile phone (or computer) to support me in using SNSs 4.2 I know how to use SNSs to search for travel-related information 4.3 I can get help from others when I have difficulties using SNSs | ||
| 5.1 The tourism-related content in SNSs is interesting and fun 5.2 Reading travel tips on SNSs makes me feel good 5.3 I would love to use SNSs to make travel plans | ||
| 6.1 Reasonably priced travel products or services offered on SNSs 6.2 Value for money for travel products or services offered on SNSs 6.3 At the current price, travel products or services offered on SNSs are good value | ||
| 7.1 I am used to using SNSs to search for travel-related information 7.2 I use SNSs when I need travel information 7.3 It is natural for me to use SNSs to help me make travel decisions when I need to | ||
| 8.1 It is expected that SNSs are well-known 8.2 It is expected that SNSs have good reputations 8.3 It is expected that SNSs have reputations for being honest | ||
| 9.1 When using SNSs, I can exchange and share travel experiences with other users easily 9.2 When using SNSs, I can relate to other people who love travelling 9.3I was able to get support and help from social networks | ||
| 10.1 I would like to try/learn to use SNSs for travel decision making 10.2 I would like to continue to use SNSs to make travel decisions in future travel 10.3 I would like to recommend others to use SNSs’ search information to make travel decisions | ||
| 11.1 I am going to use SNSs for travel decision-making 11.2 If I have already used it, I will continue to use SNSs for travel decisions in the future 11.3 I plan to recommend using SNSs for travel decision-making to my friends and family | ||
Sharing content requires targeting cookies to be enabled. Please update your cookie preferences to use this feature.