Probit model estimation with random effects
| (1) | (2) | (3) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dependent variable: hom | |||
| Opportunity dimension | |||
| cocat–1 | 0.001*** | 0.001* | 0.001*** |
| (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | |
| goldt–1 | 1.972** | 2.340 | 3.077* |
| (0.860) | (2.080) | (1.615) | |
| coalt–1 | 5.121*** | 8.935* | 10.486*** |
| (1.727) | (4.964) | (3.900) | |
| ruralt–1 | 14.141* | 30.797 | 30.174* |
| (8.019) | (23.547) | (16.350) | |
| unemploymentt–1 | 76.116*** | 197.961* | 207.401*** |
| (26.766) | (106.368) | (79.713) | |
| oil_royaltiest–1 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | |
| Political and institutional dimension | |||
| pol_partt–1 | 3.065** | 5.389 | 5.867** |
| (1.227) | (3.431) | (2.758) | |
| prim_covt–1 | 28.558*** | 62.116** | 66.551*** |
| (10.561) | (26.826) | (25.200) | |
| med_covt–1 | −39.947*** | −84.176** | −96.859*** |
| (13.963) | (38.554) | (35.430) | |
| Grievance dimension | |||
| povertyt–1 | −36.643** | −69.074* | −83.739*** |
| (14.268) | (37.572) | (31.096) | |
| gdp_pct–1 | 168.375* | 315.995 | 398.699** |
| (96.966) | (217.781) | (175.001) | |
| ginit–1 | 33.725* | 47.250 | 73.422* |
| (20.565) | (48.576) | (38.713) | |
| Controls | No | No | Yes |
| Constant | −45.267*** | −90.833** | −104.493*** |
| (15.184) | (41.606) | (37.628) | |
| lnsig2u | |||
| Constant | −19.987 | −15.904 | −15.92 |
| (8372.933) | (845.037) | (837.937) | |
| Observations | 230 | 230 | 230 |
| Log-likelihood | −18.056 | −11.917 | −12.251 |
| (1) | (2) | (3) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dependent variable | |||
| 0.001*** | 0.001* | 0.001*** | |
| (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | |
| 1.972** | 2.340 | 3.077* | |
| (0.860) | (2.080) | (1.615) | |
| 5.121*** | 8.935* | 10.486*** | |
| (1.727) | (4.964) | (3.900) | |
| 14.141* | 30.797 | 30.174* | |
| (8.019) | (23.547) | (16.350) | |
| 76.116*** | 197.961* | 207.401*** | |
| (26.766) | (106.368) | (79.713) | |
| 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | |
| (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.000) | |
| 3.065** | 5.389 | 5.867** | |
| (1.227) | (3.431) | (2.758) | |
| 28.558*** | 62.116** | 66.551*** | |
| (10.561) | (26.826) | (25.200) | |
| −39.947*** | −84.176** | −96.859*** | |
| (13.963) | (38.554) | (35.430) | |
| −36.643** | −69.074* | −83.739*** | |
| (14.268) | (37.572) | (31.096) | |
| 168.375* | 315.995 | 398.699** | |
| (96.966) | (217.781) | (175.001) | |
| 33.725* | 47.250 | 73.422* | |
| (20.565) | (48.576) | (38.713) | |
| Controls | No | No | Yes |
| Constant | −45.267*** | −90.833** | −104.493*** |
| (15.184) | (41.606) | (37.628) | |
| lnsig2u | |||
| Constant | −19.987 | −15.904 | −15.92 |
| (8372.933) | (845.037) | (837.937) | |
| Observations | 230 | 230 | 230 |
| Log-likelihood | −18.056 | −11.917 | −12.251 |
Note(s): 1. ***, **, * Denote significance level at 1, 5 and 10%, respectively
2. Robust errors reported
3. +control for region. ++control for region and year
Source(s): Authors' calculations
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