Table 1

Multimodal Definitions From the Literature

Multimodal TypeDefinitions From the LiteratureAuthor(s)
BlendedThoughtful integration of classroom face-to-face learning experiences with online learning experiences.Garrison and Kanuka (2004) 
HybridThe intentional use of technology as a replacement of seat time in class to foster an environment for student learning.Linder (2017) 
HyFlexStudents can choose to attend class either in an assigned face-to-face environment or in an online environment, synchronously or asynchronously.Beatty (2020)
BlendFlexBlendFlex instruction melds the face-to-face, online, and telepresence methods into a single methodology. Rather than being restricted to only one delivery method for the duration of a course, students registered for BlendFlex courses can, at any time, participate in as many, or as few, of the delivery methods as they wish.Snelgrove et al. (2020) 

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