Table 1

Relationship between theoretical-construct labels and their optimisation characteristics

Theoretical construct label (n)Most frequent objective function(s)Predominant optimisation algorithmsSurrogate models (yes/total)
Method (7)Cost, LCCE, LCC, LCCF, GHG, CED, Water usage, Solid wasteFCM-ELM, PSO, NSGA-II, LP1/7
Model (5)TEC, LCC, LCA, MSE, LCCE, LCCGPR, ANN and linear regression, ANN (MLP), NSGA-II and ANN, GA (NSGA-II)4/5
Framework (4)TEDSC, EEDL, DH, LCCE, LCC, TEC, Cooling and heating energy loadMOGA, Epsilon constraint methiod, MOGA (PSO), NSGA-II1/4
Conceptual framework (1)single-objective scalar function of LCA and LCCMOLP0/1
Decision-support tool (1)LCCF, LCCNSGA-II0/1

Note(s): Nomenclature: LCC = Life cycle cost, LCCE = Life cycle carbon emissions, LCCF = Life cycle carbon footprint, MOGA = multi-objective genetic algorithms, TEC = Total energy consumption, ANN = Artificial neural networks, DH = Discomfort hours, NSGA-II = Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II, MOLP = Multi-objective linear programming, GPR = Gaussian process regression, FCM = Fuzzy C-Means, ELM = Extreme learning machine, PSO = Particle swarm optimisation, TEDSC = thermal energy demand for space conditioning, EEDL = Electrical energy demand for lighting, CED = Cumulative Energy Demand

Source(s): The authors

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