Table 2. Literature on technology... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2.

Literature on technology resistance in tourism

Authors and year	Research context	Resistance factors	Key findings
Raj et al. (2023)	Religious tourism VR	• Tradition barriers • Image barriers • Place familiarity	Tradition and image barriers significantly influence attitudes, place familiarity moderates resistance
Talwar et al. (2020)	Digital innovation	• Perceived risk • Value misalignment • Usage barriers	Identifies distinct patterns of passive and active resistance
Cham et al. (2023)	VR tourism	• Technology anxiety • Age-related barriers • Psychological inertia	Senior tourists show higher resistance due to psychological factors
Rasheed et al. (2023)	AI in hospitality	• Cultural values • Safety concerns • Technical complexity	Cultural values and emotional intelligence mediate AI acceptance
Zhang et al. (2024a, 2024b)	Smart hospitality	• Traditional barriers • Risk perceptions • Usage challenges	Smartness interacts with traditional barriers to influence intentions
Wang et al. (2023a, 2023b)	Service robots	• Complexity • Lack of warmth • Trust issues	Human-like features and warmth reduce resistance
Rodriguez et al. (2019)	Tourism innovation	• Status quo bias • Risk perceptions • Communication gaps	Effective communication mitigates resistance

Authors and year	Research context	Resistance factors	Key findings
Raj et al. (2023)	Religious tourism VR	• Tradition barriers• Image barriers• Place familiarity	Tradition and image barriers significantly influence attitudes, place familiarity moderates resistance
Talwar et al. (2020)	Digital innovation	• Perceived risk• Value misalignment• Usage barriers	Identifies distinct patterns of passive and active resistance
Cham et al. (2023)	VR tourism	• Technology anxiety• Age-related barriers• Psychological inertia	Senior tourists show higher resistance due to psychological factors
Rasheed et al. (2023)	AI in hospitality	• Cultural values• Safety concerns• Technical complexity	Cultural values and emotional intelligence mediate AI acceptance
Zhang et al. (2024a, 2024b)	Smart hospitality	• Traditional barriers• Risk perceptions• Usage challenges	Smartness interacts with traditional barriers to influence intentions
Wang et al. (2023a, 2023b)	Service robots	• Complexity• Lack of warmth• Trust issues	Human-like features and warmth reduce resistance
Rodriguez et al. (2019)	Tourism innovation	• Status quo bias• Risk perceptions• Communication gaps	Effective communication mitigates resistance

Source(s): Created by the Author(s)