Table 7 The results of the mediation...

Table 7

The results of the mediation analysis

Influential path standardized effect	Standardized path coefficient						Mediation result
	95% CI of bias-corrected percentile method			95% CI of percentile method
	Lower	Upper	Two-tailed test p-value	Lower	Upper	Two-tailed test p-value
Environmental features → Learning persistence Mediation result: Full mediation
INT → LP							Full mediation
Direct effect	−0.214	0.017	p > 0.05	−0.225	0.014	p > 0.05
Indirect effect	0.435	0.817	p < 0.001	0.431	0.815	p < 0.001
Total effect	0.392	0.630	p < 0.001	0.395	0.632	p < 0.001
VRG → LP							Full mediation
Direct effect	−0.102	0.120	p > 0.05	−0.104	0.117	p > 0.05
Indirect effect	0.511	0.767	p < 0.001	0.504	0.759	p < 0.001
Total effect	0.535	0.732	p < 0.001	0.531	0.730	p < 0.001
Environmental features → Learning outcome Mediation result: Full mediation
INT → LO							Full mediation
Direct effect	−0.007	0.331	p > 0.05	−0.015	0.321	p > 0.05
Indirect effect	0.187	0.538	p < 0.001	0.181	0.533	p < 0.001
Total effect	0.393	0.613	p < 0.001	0.392	0.612	p < 0.001
VRG → LO							Full mediation
Direct effect	−0.118	0.260	p > 0.05	−0.125	0.253	p > 0.05
Indirect effect	0.266	0.611	p < 0.001	0.265	0.608	p < 0.001
Total effect	0.380	0.605	p < 0.001	0.382	0.607	p < 0.001
Learning engagement → Learning outcome Mediation result: Full mediation
PLE → LO							Full mediation
Direct effect	−0.166	0.350	p > 0.05	−0.154	0.358	p > 0.05
Indirect effect	0.109	0.397	p < 0.001	0.103	0.388	p < 0.001
Total effect	0.097	0.546	p < 0.01	0.115	0.558	p < 0.01
SLE → LO							Full mediation
Direct effect	−0.028	0.359	p > 0.05	−0.029	0.357	p > 0.05
Indirect effect	0.098	0.341	p < 0.001	0.091	0.335	p < 0.001
Total effect	0.159	0.546	p < 0.001	0.165	0.553	p < 0.001

Influential path standardized effect	Standardized path coefficient						Mediation result
	95% CI of bias-corrected percentile method			95% CI of percentile method
	Lower	Upper	Two-tailed test p-value	Lower	Upper	Two-tailed test p-value
Environmental features → Learning persistence Mediation result: Full mediation
INT → LP							Full mediation
Direct effect	−0.214	0.017	p > 0.05	−0.225	0.014	p > 0.05
Indirect effect	0.435	0.817	p < 0.001	0.431	0.815	p < 0.001
Total effect	0.392	0.630	p < 0.001	0.395	0.632	p < 0.001
VRG → LP							Full mediation
Direct effect	−0.102	0.120	p > 0.05	−0.104	0.117	p > 0.05
Indirect effect	0.511	0.767	p < 0.001	0.504	0.759	p < 0.001
Total effect	0.535	0.732	p < 0.001	0.531	0.730	p < 0.001
Environmental features → Learning outcome Mediation result: Full mediation
INT → LO							Full mediation
Direct effect	−0.007	0.331	p > 0.05	−0.015	0.321	p > 0.05
Indirect effect	0.187	0.538	p < 0.001	0.181	0.533	p < 0.001
Total effect	0.393	0.613	p < 0.001	0.392	0.612	p < 0.001
VRG → LO							Full mediation
Direct effect	−0.118	0.260	p > 0.05	−0.125	0.253	p > 0.05
Indirect effect	0.266	0.611	p < 0.001	0.265	0.608	p < 0.001
Total effect	0.380	0.605	p < 0.001	0.382	0.607	p < 0.001
Learning engagement → Learning outcome Mediation result: Full mediation
PLE → LO							Full mediation
Direct effect	−0.166	0.350	p > 0.05	−0.154	0.358	p > 0.05
Indirect effect	0.109	0.397	p < 0.001	0.103	0.388	p < 0.001
Total effect	0.097	0.546	p < 0.01	0.115	0.558	p < 0.01
SLE → LO							Full mediation
Direct effect	−0.028	0.359	p > 0.05	−0.029	0.357	p > 0.05
Indirect effect	0.098	0.341	p < 0.001	0.091	0.335	p < 0.001
Total effect	0.159	0.546	p < 0.001	0.165	0.553	p < 0.001

Source(s): The author’s own creation/work

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