Table 8 Path coefficient comparison...

Table 8

Path coefficient comparison between low usage experience (UE) group and high usage experience (UE) group

Hypothesis	Causal relationship			Usage experience of MOOCs (UEM) (i.e. Number of MOOCs enrolled in (N1))				Difference between parameters (G2a-G1a)	T-value for difference between parameters (G2a-G1a)
				Group 1a (G1a) Low UEM (N1≦2) (n = 181)		Group 2a (G2a) High UEM (N1>2) (n = 132)
				B	t-value	B	t-value
H6-1a	INT	→	PLE	0.618	13.308	0.833	20.117	0.215	2.916
H6-1b	INT	→	SLE	0.353	6.687	0.466	9.125	0.113	1.335
H6-2a	VRG	→	PLE	0.389	7.125	0.505	10.871	0.116	1.378
H6-2b	VRG	→	SLE	0.698	15.698	0.841	20.271	0.143	1.791
H6-3	PLE	→	LP	0.512	10.916	0.695	13.931	0.183	2.045
H6-4	SLE	→	LP	0.368	6.815	0.501	9.535	0.133	1.615
H6-5	LP	→	LO	0.262	5.118	0.455	8.837	0.193	2.595

Hypothesis	Causal relationship			Usage experience of MOOCs (UEM)(i.e. Number of MOOCs enrolled in (N1))				Difference between parameters (G2a-G1a)	T-value for difference between parameters (G2a-G1a)
				Group 1a (G1a)Low UEM (N1≦2)(n = 181)		Group 2a (G2a)High UEM (N1>2)(n = 132)
				B	t-value	B	t-value
H6-1a	INT	→	PLE	0.618	13.308	0.833	20.117	0.215	2.916
H6-1b	INT	→	SLE	0.353	6.687	0.466	9.125	0.113	1.335
H6-2a	VRG	→	PLE	0.389	7.125	0.505	10.871	0.116	1.378
H6-2b	VRG	→	SLE	0.698	15.698	0.841	20.271	0.143	1.791
H6-3	PLE	→	LP	0.512	10.916	0.695	13.931	0.183	2.045
H6-4	SLE	→	LP	0.368	6.815	0.501	9.535	0.133	1.615
H6-5	LP	→	LO	0.262	5.118	0.455	8.837	0.193	2.595

Hypothesis	Causal relationship			Usage experience of virtual rewards-based MOOCs (UEVRM) (i.e. Number of virtual rewards-based MOOCs enrolled in (N2))				Difference between parameters (G2b-G1b)	T-value for difference between parameters (G2b-G1b)
				Group 1b (G1b) Low UEVRM (N2 = 1) (n = 195)		Group 2b (G2b) High UEVRM (N2≧2) (n = 118)
				B	t-value	B	t-value
H6-1a	INT	→	PLE	0.708	16.618	0.803	18.296	0.095	1.179
H6-1b	INT	→	SLE	0.373	6.812	0.475	10.563	0.102	1.101
H6-2a	VRG	→	PLE	0.385	7.189	0.491	10.889	0.106	1.135
H6-2b	VRG	→	SLE	0.571	10.188	0.879	21.217	0.308	4.745
H6-3	PLE	→	LP	0.539	9.135	0.605	10.862	0.066	0.906
H6-4	SLE	→	LP	0.287	5.618	0.565	9.518	0.278	3.635
H6-5	LP	→	LO	0.222	4.715	0.435	7.801	0.213	2.713

Hypothesis	Causal relationship			Usage experience of virtual rewards-based MOOCs (UEVRM)(i.e. Number of virtual rewards-based MOOCs enrolled in (N2))				Difference between parameters (G2b-G1b)	T-value for difference between parameters (G2b-G1b)
				Group 1b (G1b)Low UEVRM (N2 = 1)(n = 195)		Group 2b (G2b)High UEVRM (N2≧2)(n = 118)
				B	t-value	B	t-value
H6-1a	INT	→	PLE	0.708	16.618	0.803	18.296	0.095	1.179
H6-1b	INT	→	SLE	0.373	6.812	0.475	10.563	0.102	1.101
H6-2a	VRG	→	PLE	0.385	7.189	0.491	10.889	0.106	1.135
H6-2b	VRG	→	SLE	0.571	10.188	0.879	21.217	0.308	4.745
H6-3	PLE	→	LP	0.539	9.135	0.605	10.862	0.066	0.906
H6-4	SLE	→	LP	0.287	5.618	0.565	9.518	0.278	3.635
H6-5	LP	→	LO	0.222	4.715	0.435	7.801	0.213	2.713

Hypothesis testing results
Hypothesis	Causal relationship			Moderator: UEM		Moderator: UEVRM		Hypothesis testing results
Hypothesis	Causal relationship			T-value for difference between parameters (G2a-G1a)	Significance	T-value for difference between parameters (G2b-G1b)	Significance	Hypothesis testing results
H6-1a	INT	→	PLE	2.916	p < 0.01	1.179	p > 0.05	Partial support
H6-1b	INT	→	SLE	1.335	p > 0.05	1.101	p > 0.05	Not support
H6-2a	VRG	→	PLE	1.378	p > 0.05	1.135	p > 0.05	Not support
H6-2b	VRG	→	SLE	1.791	p > 0.05	4.745	p < 0.001	Partial support
H6-3	PLE	→	LP	2.045	p < 0.05	0.906	p > 0.05	Partial support
H6-4	SLE	→	LP	1.615	p > 0.05	3.635	p < 0.001	Partial support
H6-5	LP	→	LO	2.595	p < 0.01	2.713	p < 0.01	Support

Hypothesis testing results
Hypothesis	Causal relationship			Moderator: UEM		Moderator: UEVRM		Hypothesis testing results
Hypothesis	Causal relationship			T-value for difference between parameters (G2a-G1a)	Significance	T-value for difference between parameters (G2b-G1b)	Significance	Hypothesis testing results
H6-1a	INT	→	PLE	2.916	p < 0.01	1.179	p > 0.05	Partial support
H6-1b	INT	→	SLE	1.335	p > 0.05	1.101	p > 0.05	Not support
H6-2a	VRG	→	PLE	1.378	p > 0.05	1.135	p > 0.05	Not support
H6-2b	VRG	→	SLE	1.791	p > 0.05	4.745	p < 0.001	Partial support
H6-3	PLE	→	LP	2.045	p < 0.05	0.906	p > 0.05	Partial support
H6-4	SLE	→	LP	1.615	p > 0.05	3.635	p < 0.001	Partial support
H6-5	LP	→	LO	2.595	p < 0.01	2.713	p < 0.01	Support

Note(s): 1. B = Unstandardized coefficients

2. Absolute t-value >1.96, p < 0.05; absolute t-value >2.58, p < 0.01; absolute t-value >3.29, p < 0.001

Source(s): The author’s own creation/work

Sharing Unavailable