Study characteristics of included studies
| Author/s | Country | Chronic condition of child | Main aims | Stress assessment used in this review | No. of participants (I: Intervention; C: Control) | Gender | Study type | Intervention type | Delivery | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Douma et al. (2021) | Netherlands | Asthma, epilepsy, T1D, irritable bowel disorder, kidney disease | Evaluate the efficacy of Op Koers online for parents of children with a chronic illness, in terms of anxiety and depression, and disease-related coping skills | HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) | 39 (I) 34 (C) | 100% (I) Female 97% (C) Female 3% (C) Male | RCT | CBT/ACT techniques (Op Koers Online) Registered and published (Douma et al., 2021) | Online group intervention | 4–6 weeks |
| Jin et al. (2023) | China | Cancer | Assess feasibility of ACT and intervention potential in reducing 5 psychological distress and improving quality of life for parents | DASS21 (Depression, Anxiety Stress Scale – total DASS21 score) | 20 (I) 20 (C) | 80% Female 20% Male | Pilot RCT | ACT Registered | Face to face in ward OR Synchronised video (sessions 2–4) | 4–6 weeks |
| Joosten et al. (2024) | Netherlands | Cancer | Evaluate the effect of Op Koers Online on psychosocial well-being and coping skills of parents | DT-P (Distress Thermometer for Parents) | 43 (I) 46 (C) | 93% (I) Female 80.4% (C) Female 7% (I) Male 19.6% (C) Male | RCT | CBT/ACT techniques (Op Koers) Registered and published (Douma et al., 2021) | Online group intervention | 6 weeks |
| Kohut et al., 2021 | Canada | Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) | Test feasibility and acceptability of three session online parent workshop based on ACT, and address concerns about eating well and nutrition in IBD | DASS21 (Depression, Anxiety Stress Scale – stress component only) | 37 (I) | 86% Female 15% Male | Feasibility study | ACT – incorporated elements of self-compassion (iACT-P) Not registered or published | Three weekly videoconferencing sessions | 3 weeks |
| Lappalainen et al. (2021) | Finland | Autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hypoactivity disorder, diabetes, gastrointestinal disease, coronary diseases, muscle diseases | Efficacy of two differently delivered ACT interventions in enhancing psychological well-being of parents | SMBQ (Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire) | 57 (I) 53 (C) | 93.6% Female 6.4% Male | RCT | ACT – incorporated elements of self-compassion (Uupu) Registered | Web-program via modules and three online meetings with a psychologist | 10 weeks |
| McMillan et al. (2022) | Australia | Cerebral palsy | Feasibility and acceptability of ACT and impact of intervention on parents’ mental health and quality of life | PCL-5 (Post-traumatic symptom checklist) | 15 (I) 12 (C) | 77% Female 23% Male | Feasibility study | ACT – incorporated elements of self-compassion (Take a breath) Registered | Online videoconference group intervention | 4–6 weeks |
| Muscara et al. (2020) | Australia | Life-threatening illness or injury (admitted to the oncology or cardiology department or pediatric intensive care unit of hospital | Efficacy potential of ACT intervention in reducing post-traumatic stress symptoms in parents | PCL-5 (Post-traumatic symptom checklist) DASS21 (Depression Anxiety and Stress – stress component only) | 37 (I) 44 (C) | 83.8% (I) Female 16.2% (I) Male 22.7% (C) Male 77.3% (C) Female | RCT | ACT – incorporated elements of self-compassion (Take a breath) Registered and Published (Rayner et al., 2016a, 2016b) | Online videoconference group intervention | 4–6 weeks |
| Rayner et al. (2016a, 2016b) | Australia | First presentation of cancer diagnosis or requiring life-saving cardiac surgery | Feasibility and potential effectiveness of videoconferencing ACT group parent intervention to measure changes in parent distress and psychological functioning | PCL-5 (Post-traumatic symptom checklist) DASS21 (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale – stress component only) | 13 (I) | 100% Female | Feasibility study | ACT (Take a breath) Registered | Online videoconference group intervention | 4 sessions weekly with a fifth booster session delivered following 1 month |
| Sairanen et al. (2019) | Sweden | Type 1 diabetes, chromosomal abnormality or genetic disorder, hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Motor Disorders, Development Disability | Efficacy of ACT intervention in improving emotional availability and parent and child adjustment | SMBQ (Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire DASS21 (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale – stress component only) | 37 (I) 37 (C) | 89% (I) Females 73% (C) Females | RCT | ACT – incorporated elements of self-compassion (ACTPARENTS) (Not registered or published) | Web based intervention guided by personal coach (i.e. undergraduate psychology students) | 10 weeks |
| Whittingham et al. (2022) | Australia | Cerebral palsy | Efficacy of ACT intervention on burnout and psychological symptoms and processes in parents | DASS21 (Depression, Anxiety Stress Scale – stress component only) | 37 (I) 30 (C) | 100% (C) Female 89% (I) Female | RCT | ACT – incorporated elements of self-compassion (PACT) Registered and Published (Whittingham et al., 2022) | Online/ intervention delivered via modules with parents participating in moderated discussion board | 4–6 weeks |
| Author/s | Country | Chronic condition of child | Main aims | Stress assessment used in this review | No. of participants | Gender | Study type | Intervention type | Delivery | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Asthma, epilepsy, T1D, irritable bowel disorder, kidney disease | Evaluate the efficacy of Op Koers online for parents of children with a chronic illness, in terms of anxiety and depression, and disease-related coping skills | HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) | 39 (I) | 100% (I) Female | RCT | CBT/ACT techniques | Online group intervention | 4–6 weeks | |
| China | Cancer | Assess feasibility of ACT and intervention potential in reducing 5 psychological distress and improving quality of life for parents | DASS21 (Depression, Anxiety Stress Scale – total DASS21 score) | 20 (I) | 80% Female | Pilot RCT | ACT | Face to face in ward OR Synchronised video (sessions 2–4) | 4–6 weeks | |
| Netherlands | Cancer | Evaluate the effect of Op Koers Online on psychosocial well-being and coping skills of parents | DT-P (Distress Thermometer for Parents) | 43 (I) | 93% (I) Female | RCT | CBT/ACT techniques | Online group intervention | 6 weeks | |
| Canada | Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) | Test feasibility and acceptability of three session online parent workshop based on ACT, and address concerns about eating well and nutrition in IBD | DASS21 | 37 (I) | 86% Female | Feasibility study | ACT – incorporated elements of self-compassion | Three weekly videoconferencing sessions | 3 weeks | |
| Finland | Autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hypoactivity disorder, diabetes, gastrointestinal disease, coronary diseases, muscle diseases | Efficacy of two differently delivered ACT interventions in enhancing psychological well-being of parents | SMBQ (Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire) | 57 (I) | 93.6% Female | RCT | ACT – incorporated elements of self-compassion (Uupu) | Web-program via modules and three online meetings with a psychologist | 10 weeks | |
| Australia | Cerebral palsy | Feasibility and acceptability of ACT and impact of intervention on parents’ mental health and quality of life | PCL-5 (Post-traumatic symptom checklist) | 15 (I) | 77% Female | Feasibility study | ACT – incorporated elements of self-compassion | Online videoconference group intervention | 4–6 weeks | |
| Australia | Life-threatening illness or injury (admitted to the oncology or cardiology department or pediatric intensive care unit of hospital | Efficacy potential of ACT intervention in reducing post-traumatic stress symptoms in parents | PCL-5 (Post-traumatic symptom checklist) | 37 (I) | 83.8% (I) Female | RCT | ACT – incorporated elements of self-compassion | Online videoconference group intervention | 4–6 weeks | |
| Australia | First presentation of cancer diagnosis or requiring life-saving cardiac surgery | Feasibility and potential effectiveness of videoconferencing ACT group parent intervention to measure changes in parent distress and psychological functioning | PCL-5 (Post-traumatic symptom checklist) | 13 (I) | 100% Female | Feasibility study | ACT | Online videoconference group intervention | 4 sessions weekly with a fifth booster session delivered following 1 month | |
| Sweden | Type 1 diabetes, chromosomal abnormality or genetic disorder, hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Motor Disorders, Development Disability | Efficacy of ACT intervention in improving emotional availability and parent and child adjustment | SMBQ (Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire | 37 (I) | 89% (I) Females | RCT | ACT – incorporated elements of self-compassion | Web based intervention guided by personal coach (i.e. undergraduate psychology students) | 10 weeks | |
| Australia | Cerebral palsy | Efficacy of ACT intervention on burnout and psychological symptoms and processes in parents | DASS21 (Depression, Anxiety Stress Scale – stress component only) | 37 (I) | 100% (C) Female | RCT | ACT – incorporated elements of self-compassion | Online/ intervention delivered via modules with parents participating in moderated discussion board | 4–6 weeks |
Sharing content requires targeting cookies to be enabled. Please update your cookie preferences to use this feature.