Table 2

Diffusion studies

InitiativeAuthorsLevel of analysis
ISO 9001Franceschini et al. (2004) Country
ISO 9001Franceschini et al. (2006) Country and economic sector
ISO 9001Llach et al. (2011) Economic sector
ISO 9001 and ISO 14001Marimon et al. (2006) Country and economic sector
ISO 9001 and ISO 14001Casadesus et al. (2008) Country
ISO 9001 and ISO 14001Marimon et al. (2010) Country
ISO 9001 and industry-specific “Q” standardAlonso-Almeida et al. (2013) Spanish tourism sector
ISO 14001Marimon et al. (2011) Economic sector
GRIMarimon et al. (2012) Country and economic sector
GRIAlonso-Almeida et al. (2014) Country and economic sector
GRIAlonso-Almeida et al. (2015) Universities
SA 8000Llach et al. (2015) Country and economic sector
Integrated management systems
(ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001)
Cabecinhas et al. (2018) Country

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