Cluster results – Ward method (hierarchical clustering)
| Clusters | Technological innovation | EU-27 MS |
|---|---|---|
| C1 | Very high | Ireland, Austria, Luxembourg, Finland, Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Belgium |
| C2 | High/significant | Lithuania, Greece, Italy, Slovenia, Portugal, Spain, Estonia, Cyprus, France, Malta, Czechia |
| C3 | Medium (of the niche) | Hungary, Croatia, Slovakia, Poland |
| C4 | Low | Bulgaria, Romania, Latvia |
| Clusters | Technological innovation | EU-27 MS |
|---|---|---|
| C1 | Very high | Ireland, Austria, Luxembourg, Finland, Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Belgium |
| C2 | High/significant | Lithuania, Greece, Italy, Slovenia, Portugal, Spain, Estonia, Cyprus, France, Malta, Czechia |
| C3 | Medium (of the niche) | Hungary, Croatia, Slovakia, Poland |
| C4 | Low | Bulgaria, Romania, Latvia |
Source(s): Authors’ research in Stata 18
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