Factors and variables
| Second-order factor | First-order factor | Variable description | Item code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lean Production implementation | Cellular Manufacturing | Location of machines and nearby processes in plant | LP1 |
| Manufacturing cells | LP2 | ||
| Layout | LP3 | ||
| Lean practices | Total Quality Management (TQM) | LP4 | |
| Single Minute Exchange Due (SMED) | LP5 | ||
| Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) | LP6 | ||
| Just In Time (JIT) * Kanban systems | LP7* LP8 | ||
| Supply Chain Flexibility (In this research context, it used only the four dimensions) | Supply Chain Sourcing Flexibility | Major suppliers * | SCF1* |
| Swap in and swap out suppliers | SCF2 | ||
| Change suppliers to address changing requirements | SCF3 | ||
| Supply Chain Operating System Flexibility | Develop new products or services * | SCF4* | |
| Change output volumes | SCF5 | ||
| Change the product and service mix * | SCF6* | ||
| Adjust manufacturing facilities and processes | SCF7 | ||
| Supply Chain Delivery Flexibility | Swap in and swap out carriers or other distributors | SCF8 | |
| Change warehouse space, loading capacity, and other distribution facilities | SCF9 | ||
| Change delivery modes | SCF10 | ||
| Transfer delivery schedules | SCF11 | ||
| Supply Chain Information System Flexibility | Information Systems to support transportation and distribution management * | SCF12* | |
| Information Systems to support firm inventory management | SCF13 | ||
| Information Systems to support multiple functions and departments | SCF14 | ||
| Business Performance | Operational performance | Quickly modify products | OP1 |
| Quickly launch new products onto the market | OP2 | ||
| Quickly respond to changes in market demand | OP3 | ||
| Quickly modify products to respond to our major competitors’ innovations | OP4 | ||
| On-time delivery record to major customers | OP5 | ||
| Short lead time for fulfilling customers’ orders (the time that elapses between the receipt of a customer’s order and the delivery of the goods) | OP6 | ||
| High level of service to major customers | OP7 | ||
| Financial Performance | Growth in Sales | FP1 | |
| Return on Sales | FP2 | ||
| Growth in Return on Sales | FP3 | ||
| Growth in Profit | FP4 | ||
| Growth in Market Share * | FP5* | ||
| Growth in Return on Investment (ROI) | FP6 |
| Second-order factor | First-order factor | Variable description | Item code |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lean Production implementation | Cellular Manufacturing | Location of machines and nearby processes in plant | LP1 |
| Manufacturing cells | LP2 | ||
| Layout | LP3 | ||
| Lean practices | Total Quality Management (TQM) | LP4 | |
| Single Minute Exchange Due (SMED) | LP5 | ||
| Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) | LP6 | ||
| Just In Time (JIT) * | |||
| Supply Chain Flexibility | Supply Chain Sourcing Flexibility | Major suppliers * | |
| Swap in and swap out suppliers | SCF2 | ||
| Change suppliers to address changing requirements | SCF3 | ||
| Supply Chain Operating System Flexibility | Develop new products or services * | ||
| Change output volumes | SCF5 | ||
| Change the product and service mix * | |||
| Adjust manufacturing facilities and processes | SCF7 | ||
| Supply Chain Delivery Flexibility | Swap in and swap out carriers or other distributors | SCF8 | |
| Change warehouse space, loading capacity, and other distribution facilities | SCF9 | ||
| Change delivery modes | SCF10 | ||
| Transfer delivery schedules | SCF11 | ||
| Supply Chain Information System Flexibility | Information Systems to support transportation and distribution management * | ||
| Information Systems to support firm inventory management | SCF13 | ||
| Information Systems to support multiple functions and departments | SCF14 | ||
| Business Performance | Operational performance | Quickly modify products | OP1 |
| Quickly launch new products onto the market | OP2 | ||
| Quickly respond to changes in market demand | OP3 | ||
| Quickly modify products to respond to our major competitors’ innovations | OP4 | ||
| On-time delivery record to major customers | OP5 | ||
| Short lead time for fulfilling customers’ orders (the time that elapses between the receipt of a customer’s order and the delivery of the goods) | OP6 | ||
| High level of service to major customers | OP7 | ||
| Financial Performance | Growth in Sales | FP1 | |
| Return on Sales | FP2 | ||
| Growth in Return on Sales | FP3 | ||
| Growth in Profit | FP4 | ||
| Growth in Market Share * | |||
| Growth in Return on Investment (ROI) | FP6 |
Note(s): * Items removed after exploratory and reliability analyses (item code in italics)
Source(s): Minguela-Rata et al. (2024)
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