Summary of hypotheses testing results (Direct effect)
| Hypotheses | Path coefficient | t-value |
|---|---|---|
| (H1) EL → EPE | 0.783 | (22.282)∗∗∗ |
| (H2) EL → KS | 0.545 | (9.080)∗∗∗ |
| (H6) EL → IWB | 0.288 | (6.867)∗∗∗ |
| (H6a) EL → IG | 0.327 | (5.434)∗∗∗ |
| (H6b) EL → IP | 0.177 | (2.981)∗∗ |
| (H6c) EL → IR | 0.360 | (4.891) ∗∗∗ |
| (H3) EPE → KS | 0.480 | (9.165)∗∗∗ |
| (H4) EPE → IWB | 0.562 | (15.349)∗∗∗ |
| (H4a) EPE → IG | 0.536 | (10.191)∗∗∗ |
| (H4b) EPE → IP | 0.560 | (10.790)∗∗∗ |
| (H4c) EPE → IR | 0.590 | (9.195)∗∗∗ |
| (H5) KS → IWB | 0.142 | (4.447)∗∗∗ |
| (H5a) KS → IG | 0.110 | (2.395)∗∗ |
| (H5b) KS → IP | 0.222 | (4.899)∗∗∗ |
| (H5c) KS → IR | 0.094 | (1.1686)† |
| Hypotheses | Path coefficient | |
|---|---|---|
| ( | 0.783 | (22.282)∗∗∗ |
| ( | 0.545 | (9.080)∗∗∗ |
| ( | 0.288 | (6.867)∗∗∗ |
| ( | 0.327 | (5.434)∗∗∗ |
| ( | 0.177 | (2.981)∗∗ |
| ( | 0.360 | (4.891) ∗∗∗ |
| ( | 0.480 | (9.165)∗∗∗ |
| ( | 0.562 | (15.349)∗∗∗ |
| ( | 0.536 | (10.191)∗∗∗ |
| ( | 0.560 | (10.790)∗∗∗ |
| ( | 0.590 | (9.195)∗∗∗ |
| ( | 0.142 | (4.447)∗∗∗ |
| ( | 0.110 | (2.395)∗∗ |
| ( | 0.222 | (4.899)∗∗∗ |
| ( | 0.094 | (1.1686)† |
Note(s): ∗∗∗ p < 0.01. ∗∗ p < 0.05. † Not significant
Source(s): Authors’ own work
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