TABLE 1

Self-Regulation Strategies, Possible Action, and Component of Self-Regulation Reciprocality

StrategyPossible Use by LearnerComponent of Reciprocality
Self-evaluatingI check my work to make sure I did it rightBehavioral regulation
Organizing and transformingI make an outlineSelf or personal regulation
Goal-setting and planningI start studying two-weeks in advance and pace myselfSelf or personal regulation
Seeking informationI go to the library to get as much information as I canEnvironmental regulation
Keeping records and monitoringI took notes in class; I keep a list of the words I get wrong.Behavioral regulation
Environmental structuringI turn off the radio so I can concentrate.Environmental regulation
Self-consequatingIf I do well on a test, I treat myself to a movie.Behavioral regulation
Rehearsing and memorizationI keep writing down a formula until I remember it.Self or personal regulation
Seeking social assistanceI ask a friend or teacher for help.Environmental regulation
Reviewing recordsReviewing notesEnvironmental regulation

Source: Zimmerman (1989, p. 337). Copyright © 1989 by the American Psychological Association. Adapted with permission.

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