Table 2 Construct measurement....

Table 2

Construct measurement. Convergent validity of first-order constructs

Construct and adapted items	Indicator^a validity and reliability		Construct validity and reliability
Construct and adapted items	Stand. loading	t-value	Cronbach’s α	Rho	CR	AVE
Indirect experience (macro drivers)			0.94	0.95	0.95	0.66
Lifestyle
People	0.77	—^b
Mentality	0.87	25.21**
Lifestyle in general	0.86	36.87**
Cuisine	0.81	26.04**
Scenery
Landscapes	0.79	18.89**
Architecture	0.83	25.38**
Climate	0.78	22.32**
Culture
History	0.79	20.88**
Culture and tradition	0.81	22.75**
Cultural similarity	0.77	23.82**
Politics and economics
Political situation	Deleted item
Economic situation	Deleted item
Direct experience (micro drivers)			0.85	0.86	0.90	0.68
Contact
Relatives	0.82	—^b
Friends	0.81	30.86**
Stay abroad
Lived there	0.87	28.30**
Long-term stay	0.71	26.13**
Travel
Holiday experiences	0.76	28.70**
Geographical distance	0.78	29.37**
Sympathy			0.93	0.93	0.95	0.87
Pleasant feeling	0.86	—^b
Like	0.84	38.70**
Feelings of sympathy	0.89	56.02**
Attachment			0.92	0.92	0.94	0.80
Captivated	0.75	—^b
Feeling attached	0.87	19.30**
Love	0.88	44.18**
Inspired	0.88	38.00**
Consumer ethnocentrism			0.90	0.90	0.93	0.68
I always prefer domestic products over foreign ones	Deleted item
It is not right to purchase foreign products because this puts Germany people out of jobs	0.82	—^b
A real German should always buy domestic products	0.86	12.55**
We should purchase products produced in Germany, instead of letting other countries get rich off us	0.87	29.84**
German people should not buy foreign products, because this hurts domestic business and causes unemployment	0.86	40.66**
I prefer buying German products because I am more familiar with them	0.82	27.01**
Political-economic country image			0.92	0.92	0.94	0.72
Spain is a country with a high level of industrialization	0.80	—^b
Spain is a country with a high standard of living	0.84	20.80**
Spain is a country with a good welfare system	0.87	20.10**
Spain is a country with a stable, developed economy	0.89	32.19**
Spain is a country with a highly educated and skilled workforce	0.80	18.66*
Spain is a country with advanced and innovative technology	0.86	27.50**
Social country image			0.92	0.93	0.94	0.81
Spain is a country that safeguards individual rights and freedoms	0.86	—^b
Spain is a country where respect for “work ethic” principles is guaranteed	0.92	22.02**
Spain is a country that promotes good causes (i.e. socially responsible ones)	0.92	49.73**
Spain is a country that is a responsible member of international community	0.88	28.23**
Environmental COI			0.97	0.97	0.97	0.88
Spain is a country with an excellent environmental reputation	0.93	—^b
Spain is a country that is trustworthy about its environmental conservation practices	0.95	51.06**
Spain is a country that promotes responsible environmental policies and practices	0.94	48.31**
Spain is a country that supports and ratifies the major international agreements on environmental protection	0.93	51.06**
Spain is a country with sufficient environmental pollution controls	0.94	44.80**
Efficiency and quality			0.94	0.94	0.95	0.74
Are reasonably priced	0.81	—^b
Offer good value for money	0.88	14.26**
Are good products for the price they have	0.87	22.06**
At the price shown these products are very economical	Deleted item
Have consistent quality	0.85	17.17**
Are adequately produced	0.81	22.57**
Have an acceptable standard of quality	0.90	30.54**
Comply with my expectations for agri-food products	0.89	34.41**
Social value
You think that buying Spanish agri-food products:			0.93	0.94	0.96	0.88
Improve the way other people perceive me	0.89	—^b
Makes a good impression on other people	0.95	8.29**
Give those who buy it social approval	0.95	12.41**
Hedonic value
Regarding the Spanish agri-food products, you think that:			0.96	0.96	0.97	0.81
I like them	0.90	—^b
I like to consume them	0.92	25.13**
I feel comfortable consuming them	0.88	29.49**
They make me feel good	0.89	34.60**
I like the appearance of the Spanish agri-food products	0.89	23.11**
I find the Spanish agri-food products’ texture and color attractive	0.89	27.84**
In my opinion, Spanish agri-food products’ taste is fine	0.90	33.76**
Altruistic value			0.94	0.94	0.96	0.89
Buying them would have an ethical interest for me, as I consider that these products have been ecologically produced	0.93	—^b
The environmental improvement from their production is coherent with my ethical and moral values	0.93	16.75**
Purchasing these products have ethical value for me	0.95	12.64**
General RTB			0.90	0.90	0.94	0.84
I would feel guilty if I buy Spanish agri-food products	0.84	—^b
I do not like the idea of owning Spanish agri-food products	0.89	30.59**
I would never buy Spanish agri-food products	0.92	17.59**
Relative RTB			0.74	0.80	0.85	0.67
Whenever possible, I avoid buying Spanish agri-food products	0.90	—^b
If two agri-food products were equal in quality, but one was from Spain and one was from Germany, I would pay 10% more for the product from Germany	0.71	10.49**
In comparison to the products from other countries, as a general rule I do not like the agri-food products produced in Spain	0.87	13.13**

Construct and adapted items	Indicator^a validity and reliability		Construct validity and reliability
Construct and adapted items	Stand. loading	t-value	Cronbach’s α	Rho	CR	AVE
Indirect experience (macro drivers)			0.94	0.95	0.95	0.66
Lifestyle
People	0.77	—^b
Mentality	0.87	25.21**
Lifestyle in general	0.86	36.87**
Cuisine	0.81	26.04**
Scenery
Landscapes	0.79	18.89**
Architecture	0.83	25.38**
Climate	0.78	22.32**
Culture
History	0.79	20.88**
Culture and tradition	0.81	22.75**
Cultural similarity	0.77	23.82**
Politics and economics
Political situation	Deleted item
Economic situation	Deleted item
Direct experience (micro drivers)			0.85	0.86	0.90	0.68
Contact
Relatives	0.82	—^b
Friends	0.81	30.86**
Stay abroad
Lived there	0.87	28.30**
Long-term stay	0.71	26.13**
Travel
Holiday experiences	0.76	28.70**
Geographical distance	0.78	29.37**
Sympathy			0.93	0.93	0.95	0.87
Pleasant feeling	0.86	—^b
Like	0.84	38.70**
Feelings of sympathy	0.89	56.02**
Attachment			0.92	0.92	0.94	0.80
Captivated	0.75	—^b
Feeling attached	0.87	19.30**
Love	0.88	44.18**
Inspired	0.88	38.00**
Consumer ethnocentrism			0.90	0.90	0.93	0.68
I always prefer domestic products over foreign ones	Deleted item
It is not right to purchase foreign products because this puts Germany people out of jobs	0.82	—^b
A real German should always buy domestic products	0.86	12.55**
We should purchase products produced in Germany, instead of letting other countries get rich off us	0.87	29.84**
German people should not buy foreign products, because this hurts domestic business and causes unemployment	0.86	40.66**
I prefer buying German products because I am more familiar with them	0.82	27.01**
Political-economic country image			0.92	0.92	0.94	0.72
Spain is a country with a high level of industrialization	0.80	—^b
Spain is a country with a high standard of living	0.84	20.80**
Spain is a country with a good welfare system	0.87	20.10**
Spain is a country with a stable, developed economy	0.89	32.19**
Spain is a country with a highly educated and skilled workforce	0.80	18.66*
Spain is a country with advanced and innovative technology	0.86	27.50**
Social country image			0.92	0.93	0.94	0.81
Spain is a country that safeguards individual rights and freedoms	0.86	—^b
Spain is a country where respect for “work ethic” principles is guaranteed	0.92	22.02**
Spain is a country that promotes good causes (i.e. socially responsible ones)	0.92	49.73**
Spain is a country that is a responsible member of international community	0.88	28.23**
Environmental COI			0.97	0.97	0.97	0.88
Spain is a country with an excellent environmental reputation	0.93	—^b
Spain is a country that is trustworthy about its environmental conservation practices	0.95	51.06**
Spain is a country that promotes responsible environmental policies and practices	0.94	48.31**
Spain is a country that supports and ratifies the major international agreements on environmental protection	0.93	51.06**
Spain is a country with sufficient environmental pollution controls	0.94	44.80**
Efficiency and quality			0.94	0.94	0.95	0.74
Are reasonably priced	0.81	—^b
Offer good value for money	0.88	14.26**
Are good products for the price they have	0.87	22.06**
At the price shown these products are very economical	Deleted item
Have consistent quality	0.85	17.17**
Are adequately produced	0.81	22.57**
Have an acceptable standard of quality	0.90	30.54**
Comply with my expectations for agri-food products	0.89	34.41**
Social value
You think that buying Spanish agri-food products:			0.93	0.94	0.96	0.88
Improve the way other people perceive me	0.89	—^b
Makes a good impression on other people	0.95	8.29**
Give those who buy it social approval	0.95	12.41**
Hedonic value
Regarding the Spanish agri-food products, you think that:			0.96	0.96	0.97	0.81
I like them	0.90	—^b
I like to consume them	0.92	25.13**
I feel comfortable consuming them	0.88	29.49**
They make me feel good	0.89	34.60**
I like the appearance of the Spanish agri-food products	0.89	23.11**
I find the Spanish agri-food products’ texture and color attractive	0.89	27.84**
In my opinion, Spanish agri-food products’ taste is fine	0.90	33.76**
Altruistic value			0.94	0.94	0.96	0.89
Buying them would have an ethical interest for me, as I consider that these products have been ecologically produced	0.93	—^b
The environmental improvement from their production is coherent with my ethical and moral values	0.93	16.75**
Purchasing these products have ethical value for me	0.95	12.64**
General RTB			0.90	0.90	0.94	0.84
I would feel guilty if I buy Spanish agri-food products	0.84	—^b
I do not like the idea of owning Spanish agri-food products	0.89	30.59**
I would never buy Spanish agri-food products	0.92	17.59**
Relative RTB			0.74	0.80	0.85	0.67
Whenever possible, I avoid buying Spanish agri-food products	0.90	—^b
If two agri-food products were equal in quality, but one was from Spain and one was from Germany, I would pay 10% more for the product from Germany	0.71	10.49**
In comparison to the products from other countries, as a general rule I do not like the agri-food products produced in Spain	0.87	13.13**

Note(s)

Individual items (for first-order constructs)

Parameter fixed at 1.0 in the CFA solution

**Significant for p < 0.01

Source(s): Authors’ own work

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