Table A1

Research quality

Construct validity
  • Feedback from peer researchers on interview protocol

  • Terminology explained to informants to avoid misunderstanding

  • Multiple sources of data collected (interviews, site observations, reports, and websites)

  • Multiple informants that represent different internal functions to triangulate responses

  • Investigator triangulation: first individual analysis by researchers, then comparison and joint agreement

Internal validity
  • Interviewees and cases selected following a structured and purposeful sampling approach

  • Multiple informants respond identically on the same phenomenon

  • Multiple informants representing different internal functions included to triangulate responses

  • Investigator triangulation: involvement of two researchers to discuss and judge data and interpretations

  • Raw data (transcripts) were coded on different levels (open, axial, selective) to connect it with different theoretical categories

External validity
  • Justification of phenomenon-driven study; described the logic and criteria applied for interviewee and case selection

  • Contextual information is provided to build theoretical premises for the reader

  • Pilot interview to test interview questions and to increase generalizability of the study

  • Pointing out generalizability limitations

Reliability
  • Used standardized interview protocol

  • Developed and continuously updated database (including, e.g. interview transcriptions, themes, codes, and memos) to ensure complete documentation of the data analysis procedure

Source(s): Authors’ own creation

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