Table 7 Overview of the main activities... | Emerald Publishing

Table 7

Overview of the main activities in L/UL in Case 3

Stage	Activities
Before loading (sender)	Pallets with finished goods are moved close to the outbound area with a conveyor The pallets are stacked and then moved to lanes in the outbound area by AGVs
Truck arrival	The autonomous truck arrives to the factory and docks with the loading bay Sensors assist in achieving sufficient truck–loading bay alignment A dock lip is engaged by the L/UL control which verifies that the loading can be started
Loading activities (sender)	L/UL control verifies that the loading can be started The L/UL control sends a request to the warehouse management system (WMS) which verifies the number of pallets to be loaded The WMS sends a request to the AGV system including a pattern for how the pallets should be loaded to secure the cargo An AGV is assigned to loading and the loading is started When the loading is completed, the remote operator receives a signal and verifies that the cargo is secure by cameras
Truck departure	The dock lip is disengaged by the L/UL control which verifies that the truck can depart The autonomous truck departs for the warehouse
Transport	Transport to the warehouse is performed
Truck arrival	The Truck arrival activities are repeated
Unloading activities	L/UL control verifies that the unloading can be started The L/UL control sends a request to the AGV system An AGV is assigned to unloading, and the unloading is started When the unloading is completed, the dock lip is disengaged by the L/UL control which verifies that the truck can depart
Post-unloading (recipient)	Operators at the warehouse move the received pallets to storage locations The autonomous truck departs for the factory

Stage	Activities
Before loading (sender)	Pallets with finished goods are moved close to the outbound area with a conveyor The pallets are stacked and then moved to lanes in the outbound area by AGVs
Truck arrival	The autonomous truck arrives to the factory and docks with the loading bay Sensors assist in achieving sufficient truck–loading bay alignment A dock lip is engaged by the L/UL control which verifies that the loading can be started
Loading activities (sender)	L/UL control verifies that the loading can be started The L/UL control sends a request to the warehouse management system (WMS) which verifies the number of pallets to be loaded The WMS sends a request to the AGV system including a pattern for how the pallets should be loaded to secure the cargo An AGV is assigned to loading and the loading is started When the loading is completed, the remote operator receives a signal and verifies that the cargo is secure by cameras
Truck departure	The dock lip is disengaged by the L/UL control which verifies that the truck can depart The autonomous truck departs for the warehouse
Transport	Transport to the warehouse is performed
Truck arrival	The Truck arrival activities are repeated
Unloading activities	L/UL control verifies that the unloading can be started The L/UL control sends a request to the AGV system An AGV is assigned to unloading, and the unloading is started When the unloading is completed, the dock lip is disengaged by the L/UL control which verifies that the truck can depart
Post-unloading (recipient)	Operators at the warehouse move the received pallets to storage locations The autonomous truck departs for the factory

Source(s): Table by authors