The moderating effect of COVID on digital banking
| OLS | FE | FGLS | |
|---|---|---|---|
| DIG | 0.000 | 0.001** | 0.000** |
| COV | 0.061 | 0.273 | 0.261 |
| DIG × COV | −0.001 | −0.003 | −0.003 |
| L.ROA | 0.331*** | 0.157*** | 0.474*** |
| CAP | 0.145*** | 0.261*** | 0.047*** |
| SIZ | 0.001*** | −0.006** | 0.000** |
| AGE | −0.003*** | −0.011 | −0.001** |
| GDP | −0.000 | −0.000 | −0.000 |
| MSP | −0.000 | −0.000 | −0.000 |
| BSD | −0.003 | −0.004 | −0.002 |
| Cons | −0.040** | 0.122** | −0.018** |
| R-square | 0.66 | 0.64 | |
| F-value | 56.78 | 45.70 | |
| F (sig) | 0.000 | 0.000 | |
| Wald χ2 (9) | 317.44 | ||
| Wald χ2 (sig) | 0.000 | ||
| n | 285 | 285 | 285 |
| OLS | FE | FGLS | |
|---|---|---|---|
| DIG | 0.000 | 0.001** | 0.000** |
| COV | 0.061 | 0.273 | 0.261 |
| DIG × COV | −0.001 | −0.003 | −0.003 |
| L.ROA | 0.331*** | 0.157*** | 0.474*** |
| CAP | 0.145*** | 0.261*** | 0.047*** |
| SIZ | 0.001*** | −0.006** | 0.000** |
| AGE | −0.003*** | −0.011 | −0.001** |
| GDP | −0.000 | −0.000 | −0.000 |
| MSP | −0.000 | −0.000 | −0.000 |
| BSD | −0.003 | −0.004 | −0.002 |
| Cons | −0.040** | 0.122** | −0.018** |
| 0.66 | 0.64 | ||
| 56.78 | 45.70 | ||
| 0.000 | 0.000 | ||
| Wald | 317.44 | ||
| Wald | 0.000 | ||
| 285 | 285 | 285 |
Note(s): ROA: Return on Assets (ROA), DIG: Digital Banking, COV: Covid Criss Dummy, CAP: Capital Adequacy, SIZ: Bank Size, AGE: Bank Age, GDP: Real GDP, MSP: Money Supply, BSD: Banking Sector Development
Where *** means a level of significance of %1; ** means a level of significance of %5; and * means a level of significance of %10
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