The expected signs of Equations (4) and (5)
| Explanatory variables for Equation (4) | Expected signs | Explanatory variables for Equation (5) | Expected signs |
|---|---|---|---|
| GDP_Capi | + | FCij | − |
| GDP_Capj | + | GDP_Capi | − |
| AfCFTAij | + | AfCFTAij | − |
| Cont | + | − | |
| Langij | + | ||
| Dist_ij | − |
| Explanatory variables for | Expected signs | Explanatory variables for | Expected signs |
|---|---|---|---|
| + | − | ||
| + | − | ||
| AfCFTAij | + | − | |
| Cont | + | − | |
| Lang | + | ||
| Dist_ij | − |
Source(s): Authors
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