Table 8

Adjusted version of DP1-5 (adjustments to pre-test-version marked underline)

Context
Actor, instance, boundary condition
Mechanism (M) and enactor (E)
Activity, process, manipulation of (sub-)components/artifacts
Rationale (R)
Theoretical/empirical justification
DP 1
Stimulation and pause
To spark radical forms of creativity beyond routine performance during divergent phases in the context of virtual collaborationM1) Employ sub-tasks that collaborators need to perform parallel to their main activities, M2) Enable the system to block activities at points of decreasing focus or after limited time periods, E1) Involve task repetition and celebrations of contributionsR1) To stimulate positive spill-over effects between explicit and implicit conscious processes, R2) To prevent routine responses by collaborators
DP 2
Blocking and proceeding
To promote focused activity and efficiency in the context of virtual collaborationM1) Selectively block distracting applications and functionalities on collaborators' computers, M2) Make collaborators proceed through stages, E1) Involve the visualization of remaining time, E2) Limit overview of work areas and visibility of user activitiesR1) To prevent distractions R2) To prevent premature discussions, R3) To promote engagement
DP 3
Mixing and integrating
To promote shared understanding and applicability of generated solutions during later stage convergent phases in the context of virtual collaboration within groups larger than 7 or 9 participantsM1) Enable collaborators to create subgroups of 3 to 5 M2) Guide main group through a process of systematic integration of objections, E1) Involve limited channels, E2) Limit time periods for individual speaking and interpersonal exchangeR1) To prevent topic drift, R2) To promote psychological safety
DP 4
Initial limitation
To enable inexperienced users to engage during initial stages of divergent thinking in the context of virtual collaborationM1) Provide overview over work phases M2) Limit available features to a viable minimum E1) Involve only basic functionalities for input, highlighting, navigation E2) Provide simple examples in work areasR1) To promote contributions, R2) To promote social facilitation within the group
DP 5
Late variety
To enable inexperienced users to express and specify ideas during later phases of divergent creativity in the context of virtual collaborationM1) Provide overview over work phases, M2) Increase feature variety, E1) Involve short breaks, E2) Involve various forms of media input, E3) Enable users to create, highlight and connect elements in multiple waysR1) To prevent cognitive overload, R2) To promote focused exploration
Source(s): Authors' own work

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