Table 2

Personal resilience indicators instrument

No.Content of CD-RISC 25 itemsQuestionnaire’s indicator
1Tend to bounce back after illness or hardship (#8)X.5.1.2: Possesses strength and experience in overcoming difficulties, failures, and heartbreaking losses
2Things happen for a reason (#9)
3When things look hopeless, I don’t give up (#12)X.5.2.4: Maintains determination to rebuild their earthquake-damaged home well, refusing to give up even in difficult times
4Not easily discouraged by failure (#16)
5Think of self as strong person (#17)
6Can handle unpleasant feelings (#19)
7Can deal with whatever comes (#4)X.5.3.6: Able to solve problems during difficult times while striving to stay happy, motivated, and optimistic, with strong belief in achieving desired success
8Past success gives confidence for new challenge (#5)
9See the humorous side of things (#6)
10You can achieve your goals (#11)
11Prefer to take the lead in problem solving (#15)
12Strong sense of purpose (#21)
13Best effort no matter what (#10)X.5.4.3: Stays health-conscious and prayerful while persistently working to complete responsibilities with full effort
14I like challenges (#23)
15You work to attain your goals (#24)
16Able to adapt to change (#1)X.5.5.3: Adapts well in social relationships, maintaining supportive connections and offering help to others when needed
17Close and secure relationships (#2)
18Know where to turn for help (#13)
19Coping with stress strengthens (#7)X.5.6.2: Grows through failures by reframing challenges, turning weaknesses into strengths to achieve better results
20Under pressure, focus and think clearly (#14)
21Sometimes fate or God can help (#3)X.5.7.5: Actions and work are consistently guided by life values rooted in faith, driving meaningful thoughts and deeds
22Make unpopular or difficult decisions (#18)
23Have to act on a hunch (#20)
24In control of your life (#22)
25Pride in your achievements (#25)
Source(s): Connor and Davidson (2003), modified

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