Table 2

Descriptive statistics and sources of data

Variable# ObsMinMaxMeanVarianceSources of data
Dependent variable: use of equity considerations in budget formulation and execution150.340.980.630.04
  • Survey of county’s budget officials

  • County’s budget documents

Explanatory variable: political context150.001.000.500.17
  • Maryland State Board of Elections (2020) 

Explanatory variable: economic context152.333.672.950.17
  • U.S. Census Bureau (n.d.) 

Explanatory variable: leadership123.074.574.050.17
  • Survey of county’s budget officials

Explanatory variable: budget institutions150.340.980.630.04
  • Survey of county’s budget officials

  • County’s budget documents

  • County’s websites

Explanatory variable: budgetary and financial transparency150.141.000.860.05
  • County’s budget documents

  • County’s comprehensive annual financial reports

  • County’s websites

Source(s): Authors’ own work

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