Table A1

Summary of literature review findings

ReferenceTechnology typeSectorCountryN, study design and data collectionAttitudes toward using technologyPerformance expectancyEffort expectancySocial influenceFacilitating conditionsBehavior intentions and use behavior
Abeni et al. (2019) Productivity technologyAgriculturalITn = 490
C
QN		     AD. Negative relation between age and behavior intention
Adams et al. (2021) Productivity technologyAgriculturalGHn = 463
C
QN		     AD. Negative relation between age and use behavior
Agwu et al. (2008) Technology (no specified)AgriculturalNGn = 135
C
QN		     AD. Negative relation between age and use behavior
Alarima et al. (2011) Productivity technologyAgriculturalNGn = 124
C
QN		     AD. Negative relation between age and use behavior
Al-Gahtani (2008) Technology (no specified)–SAn = 722
C
QN		 AI. The relationship between perceived usefulness and behavior intention to use technology it was stronger for younger than older workersAI. NS   
Al-Gahtani et al. (2007) Information and communication technology–SAn = 1,190
C
QN		 AI. NSAI. NSAI. The relationship between social influence and behavior intention to use technology it was stronger for younger than older workersAI. The relationship between facilitating condition and technology use it was stronger for younger than older workers 
Barchielli et al. (2021) Technology (no specified)HealthcareITn = 54
C
QN		 AI. The relationship between performance expectancy and behavior intention to use technology it was stronger for younger than older workersAI. The relationship between effort expectancy and behavior intention to use technology it was stronger for younger than older workersAI. The relationship between social influence and behavior intention to use technology it was stronger for younger than older workersAI. The relationship between facilitating condition and technology use it was stronger for older than younger workers 
Bayramzadeh and Alkazemi (2014) Information and communication technologyHealthcareUSAn = 70
C
QN		AD. Younger nurses assessed more favorably tech-based communication over face-to-face interactions     
Becker et al. (2020) Technology (no specified)UtilityUSAn = 261
C
QL		    AD. Confidence in use technology was lower for older than younger workers 
Bortamuly and Goswami (2015) Technology (no specified)ManufacturingINDn = 500
C
QL		     AD. Negative relation between age and use behavior
Brown et al. (2019) Technology (no specified)AgriculturalNZn = 1984
C
QL		     AD. Negative relation between age and use behavior
Brown et al. (2010) Information and communication technology–FIn = 447
L
QN		 AD. Performance expectancy was higher for younger than older workersAD. Effort expectancy was higher for younger than older workersAD. Social influence was higher for older than younger workers
AI. NS		AD. Facilitating conditions was higher for younger than older workers
AI. The relationship between facilitating condition and technology use it was stronger for older than younger workers		AD. Negative relation between age and behavior intention and use behavior
Chedid et al. (2013) Technology (no specified)HealthcareAUn = 13
C
QL		    AD. Confidence in use technology was lower for older than younger workers 
Cheng et al. (2011) Training technology–CNn = 202
C
QN		 AI. NS  AI. NS 
Chen et al. (2008) Training technologyHealthcareTWn = 222
C
QN		 AD. NS    
Chien et al. (1998) Computer and softwareRetailUSAn = 144
C
QN		     AD. Over thirty-nine years old workers less computer use than workers under forty years old
De Koning and Gelderblom (2006) Computer and softwareRetailNLn = 538
C
QN		     AD. Negative relation between age and use behavior among workers older than fifty years
Dutta and Borah (2018) Information and communication technologyPublic administrationINDn = 93
C
QN		NSAD. Higher level of performance expectancy among workers older than 50 years oldAD. Higher level of effort expectancy among workers younger than 50 years old AD. Higher concern about facilitating conditions among older than younger workers 
Eley et al. (2009) Computer and softwareHealthcareUSAn = 3,680
C
QN		    AD. Location of computers and insufficient number of computers were considered more relevant barriers for younger nurses. IT knowledge, lack of technical support and confidence in use were considered more relevant barriers for older nurses 
Fasbender et al. (2023) Information and communication technology–DEn = 470
C
QN		AD. NSAD. NSAD. Perceived ease of use was higher for older than younger workers   
Friedberg (2003) Computer and software–USAn = 60000
L
QN		     AD. Percentage of computer use decrease with age
Jelinski et al. (2019) Technology (no specified)AgriculturalCAn = 72820
C
QN		     AD. Over forty-nine years old workers less computer use than workers under fifty years old
Jimoh et al. (2012) Information and communication technologyHealthcareNGn = 200
C
QN		 AD. NSAD. Perceived ease of use was higher for older than younger workers   
Katou and Vogiatzi (2011) Information and communication technologyTourismGRn = 215
C
QN		     AD. Negative relation between age and use behavior
Kelkay et al. (2025) Training technologyHealthcareETn = 1,056
C
QN		 AI. NSAI. NSAI. NSAI. NS 
Kim et al. (2024) Artificial Intelligence–KRn = 300
C
QN		 AI. NSAI. The relationship between effort expectancy and behavior intention to use technology was stronger for younger than older workersAI. NSAI. NS 
Larsen and Sørebø (2005) Information and communication technologyOil and GasNOn = 500
C
QN		     AD. Negative relation between age and use behavior
Laumer et al. (2016) Information and communication technologyAutomotive–n = 106
C
QN		 AD. Performance expectancy was higher for older than younger workersAD. Perceived ease of use was higher for older than younger workers   
Morris and Venkatesh (2000) Information and communication technologyFinanceUSAn = 118
L
QN		AD. Younger workers reported higher pleasure of tech use
AI. The relationship between pleasure to use the system and tech use intention was stronger for younger workers		   AI. The relationship between facilitating condition and technology use it was stronger for older than younger workers 
Morris et al. (2005) Technology (no specified)–USAn = 342
L
QN		AI. The relationship between attitudes toward using technology and behavior intention to use technology it was stronger for older than younger workers  AI. The relationship between subjective norms and behavior intention to use technology it was stronger for older than younger workersAI. NS 
Moura et al. (2020) Information and communication technologyAcademicBRn = 147
C
QN		 AI. NSAI. NSAI. NSAI. NS 
Newby et al. (2014) Management technologyRetailUSAn = 126
C
QN		    AD. NS 
Negera et al. (2023) Management technologyPublic administrationETn = 397
C
QN		     AD. Positive relation between age and use behavior
Nord et al. (2020) Information and communication technology–SPn = 104
C
QN		     AD. Workers between thirty-six- and forty-five-years old use more social media for business purpose
Owombo and Idumah (2017) Productivity technologyAgriculturalNGn = 240
C
QN		     AD. Negative relation between age and use behavior
Park et al. (2020) Management technologyHealthcareKRn = 866
C
QN		 AI. The relationship between performance expectancy and behavior intention to use technology it was stronger for younger than older workersAI. NSAI. NS  
Rantanen and Toikko (2017) Welfare technologyNGOFIn = 129
C
QN		AD. NS  AD. NSAD. Perceived behavioral control was higher for younger than older workersAD. Negative relation between age and behavior intention
Schleife (2006) Computer and software–DEn = 581
L
QN		     AD. Older age group show a significantly smaller probability to use a computer at work
Shah et al. (2013) Training technologyFinancePKn = 172
C
QN		 AD. Performance expectancy was higher for younger than older workersAD. NS   
Singh and Acharjya (2016) Computer and softwareHealthcareINDn = 164
C
QN		 AD. Higher performance expectancy among age group 31–50 years old than among age group 26–30 years old    
Soja and Soja (2020) Management technology–PLn = 187
C
QL		    AD. Higher concern about facilitating conditions among older than younger workers 
Tarcan and Valor (2010) Information and communication technologyTourismTKn = 396
C
QN		 AD. Performance expectancy was higher for older than younger workersAD. NS   
Urhuogo et al. (2013) Information and communication technologyAcademicUSAn = 216
C
QL		    AD. Confidence in use technology was lower for older than younger workersAD. Negative relation between age and use behavior
Venkatesh and Zhang (2010) Technology (no specified)–USA/CNn = 149
L
QN		 AI. The relationship between performance expectancy and behavior intention to use technology it was stronger for younger man than older workersAI. The relationship between effort expectancy and behavior intention to use technology it was stronger for younger women in the early stages of their experienceAI. NS  
Venkatesh et al. (2008) Information and communication technologyTelecommunicationUSAn = 321
L
QN		    AI. NS 
Venkatesh et al. (2003) Technology (no specified)–USAn = 215
L
QN		AI. NSAI. The relationship between performance expectancy and behavior intention to use technology it was stronger for younger man than older workersAI. The relationship between effort expectancy and behavior intention to use technology it was stronger for older women than younger workersAI. The relationship between social influence and behavior intention to use technology it was stronger for older than younger workersAI. The relationship between facilitating condition and technology use it was stronger for older than younger workers 
Welch et al. (2020) Training technologyMuseumENn = 118
C
QN		 AI. The relationship between performance expectancy and behavior intention to use technology it was stronger for younger than older workersAI. The relationship between effort expectancy and behavior intention to use technology it was stronger for older than younger workersAI. The relationship between social influence and behavior intention to use technology it was stronger for younger than older workers  
Werner and Landau (2011) Welfare technologyHealthcareILn = 116
C
QN		AD. NS     
Wilder et al. (2019) Welfare technologyHealthcareUSAn = 114
C
QN		     AD. Younger workers were more likely to be willing to try voice technology
Yang et al. (2022) Information and communication technologyShipping service–– AI. The relationship between performance expectancy and behavior intention to use technology it was stronger for older than younger workers AI. The relationship between social influence and behavior intention to use technology it was stronger for older than younger workers  
Zeffane and Cheek (1993) Computer and softwareTelecommunicationAUn = 1,300
C
QN		     AD. Negative relation between age and use behavior

Note(s): AU = Australia; BR = Brazil; CA = Canada; CN = China; DE = Germany; EN = England; ET = Ethiopia; FI = Finland; GH = Ghana; GR = GREECE; IL = Israel; IND = India; IT = Italy; KR = Korea; NG = Nigeria; NL = Netherlands; NO = Norway; NZ = New Zealand; PK = Pakistan; PL = Poland; SA = Saudi Arabia; SP = Spain; TK = Turkey; TW = Taiwan; USA = United States. C = Cross-sectional study; L = Longitudinal study. QN = Quantitative data collection; QL = Qualitative data collection. AD = Age differences; AI = Age interaction. NS = non-significant findings

Source(s): Authors’ work

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