Structural and dynamic complexities in ETO supply chains
| Complexity types | Structural | Dynamic |
|---|---|---|
| Internal | The number, variety and interdependence of components, subsystems, departments and interfaces that must be designed and assembled, driving dense dependency networks and high integration effort (Baccarini, 1996; Brehmer and Rehme, 2009; Browning and Heath, 2009; Duncan, 1972) | Novel or highly customised technologies plus evolving design specifications that trigger iterative design loops, rework and unpredictable technical changes (Azadegan et al., 2013; Birkie and Trucco, 2016; Bozarth et al., 2009; Brehmer and Rehme, 2009; Choi and Krause, 2006) |
| External | The count, heterogeneity and geographic spread of suppliers and/or customers, creating multiple tiers and hand-off points in the supply network (Birkie and Trucco, 2016; Tatikonda and Rosenthal, 2000; Williams, 1999) | Fluctuating material needs, customer-driven design changes, supplier/customer interdependencies and volatile order volumes that ripple through—and destabilise—the supply chain (Tatikonda and Rosenthal, 2000; Williams, 1999; Wong et al., 2011) |
| Complexity types | Structural | Dynamic |
|---|---|---|
| Internal | The number, variety and interdependence of components, subsystems, departments and interfaces that must be designed and assembled, driving dense dependency networks and high integration effort ( | Novel or highly customised technologies plus evolving design specifications that trigger iterative design loops, rework and unpredictable technical changes ( |
| External | The count, heterogeneity and geographic spread of suppliers and/or customers, creating multiple tiers and hand-off points in the supply network ( | Fluctuating material needs, customer-driven design changes, supplier/customer interdependencies and volatile order volumes that ripple through—and destabilise—the supply chain ( |
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