Descriptive statistics
| Variables | Mean | Std. dev | Minimum | Maximum |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRV | 0.10 | 0.07 | 0.00 | 0.92 |
| ROAV | 0.05 | 0.11 | 0.00 | 1.36 |
| EngCEO | 0.12 | 0.33 | 0.00 | 1.00 |
| BEng | 0.07 | 0.14 | 0.00 | 0.80 |
| BSize | 7.38 | 1.70 | 4.00 | 12.00 |
| BInd | 70.77 | 19.24 | 0.00 | 100.00 |
| ROA | 0.49 | 0.15 | −0.80 | 0.37 |
| FirmSize | 21.48 | 1.84 | 16.00 | 25.00 |
| Leverage | 2.24 | 1.61 | 1.04 | 12.34 |
| CAPEX | 2.75 | 19.87 | 0.00 | 176.83 |
| SalesGrowth | 0.15 | 0.45 | −0.66 | 3.20 |
| CEOGender | 0.48 | 0.22 | 0.00 | 1.00 |
| CEODuality | 0.69 | 0.24 | 0.00 | 1.00 |
| Variables | Mean | Std. dev | Minimum | Maximum |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.10 | 0.07 | 0.00 | 0.92 | |
| 0.05 | 0.11 | 0.00 | 1.36 | |
| 0.12 | 0.33 | 0.00 | 1.00 | |
| 0.07 | 0.14 | 0.00 | 0.80 | |
| 7.38 | 1.70 | 4.00 | 12.00 | |
| 70.77 | 19.24 | 0.00 | 100.00 | |
| 0.49 | 0.15 | −0.80 | 0.37 | |
| 21.48 | 1.84 | 16.00 | 25.00 | |
| 2.24 | 1.61 | 1.04 | 12.34 | |
| 2.75 | 19.87 | 0.00 | 176.83 | |
| 0.15 | 0.45 | −0.66 | 3.20 | |
| 0.48 | 0.22 | 0.00 | 1.00 | |
| 0.69 | 0.24 | 0.00 | 1.00 |
Source(s): Authors’ own work
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