Table 2 Panel A: sampled countries mean...

Table 2

Panel A: sampled countries mean of test variables

Country	MS	CORRUP	SDG	STAKE	GDPP	FOI	FDI(000)	EXPORT(000)	MAN
Afghanistan	57.98	1.39	50.27	1	2052	1.26	−53397	791,333	0
Albania	30.92	0.43	72.48	1	15,657	−0.16	−749116	3,051,000	0
Algeria	32.76	0.65	70.47	1	13,519	0.95	737,677	41,200,000	0
Angola	36.88	1.06	51.27	1	7430	0.94	2,305,540	35,600,000	0
Argentina	20.48	0.27	73.01	1	24,320	−0.52	−3828,503	62,200,000	0
Armenia	29.90	0.29	71.08	1	15,592	0.21	−174463	4,206,333	0
Australia	9.28	−1.79	75.86	0	55,513	−1.35	−35,700,000	273,000,000	1
Austria	8.97	−1.46	81.73	1	61,131	−1.37	1,240,543	236,000,000	0
Azerbaijan	31.80	0.90	72.00	1	17,535	1.50	−522159	22,400,000	0
Bahrain	32.12	0.41	64.18	0	52,034	1.40	91,757	18,700,000	0
Bangladesh	33.74	0.15	61.81	0	6,332	0.69	−1565,129	43,300,000	0
Barbados	36.33	−1.33	70.67	0	15,975	−1.09	−231500	482,500	0
Belarus	29.75	−0.35	76.20	1	22,655	1.44	−832345	32,400,000	0
Belgium	13.05	−0.93	79.36	1	57,196	−1.32	−5796,506	476,000,000	0
Benin	27.52	−0.12	52.65	1	3,496	−0.10	−99667	3,063,000	0
Bolivia	28.50	0.67	65.07	1	9,029	0.09	−211112	9,021,667	0
Bosnia Herz	30.77	0.12	71.86	1	16,945	0.24	−297666	7,247,333	0
Botswana	26.77	−0.37	61.42	1	17,543	−0.43	−58995	6,454,333	0
Brazil	25.03	−0.13	72.52	1	16,619	−0.34	−45,300,000	250,000,000	0
Brunei	55.55	−0.68	66.15	0	59,064	0.88	−182800	5,724,500	0
Bulgaria	23.71	0.14	73.75	1	27,259	−0.34	−516735	36,000,000	0
Burkina Faso	32.84	0.59	53.18	1	2,263	0.22	−180482	3,357,333	0
Burundi	43.88	1.30	54.12	1	842	1.53	−334	169,666	0
Cambodia	36.66	1.23	62.62	1	4,519	1.21	−1829,936	15,400,000	0
Cameroon	42.25	0.21	55.58	0	4,235	1.10	−453632	3,836,000	0
Canada	11.74	−1.60	77.93	0	52,682	−1.45	17,900,000	470,000,000	0
Chad	44.37	0.64	42.47	1	1749	1.44	883,758	2,820,000	0
Chile	19.31	−0.73	76.98	1	27,380	−0.99	−3433,820	76,800,000	0
China	33.10	0.29	70.75	1	17,845	1.54	−16,800,000	2,660,000,000	0
Colombia	33.85	0.61	69.67	1	16,801	−0.15	−5176,412	41,000,000	0
Congo	80.09	1.41	49.39	1	1,037	1.45	−1170,200	13,600,000	0
Congo Rep	41.65	0.69	52.45	1	4,931	1.18	382,110	8,343,667	0
Costa Rica	20.39	−0.31	73.13	1	22,782	−1.09	−1521,611	13,600,000	0
Croatia	22.24	−0.07	79.39	1	33,332	−0.52	−1080858	18,700,000	0
Cyprus	18.27	−0.71	72.97	0	44,459	−0.97	−2841,025	4,156,667	0
Czech Republic	16.59	−1.17	80.06	1	43,683	−0.95	−3318,910	123,000,000	0
Côte d'Ivoire	36.53	0.29	58.17	1	5,890	0.32	−342110	14,400,000	0
Denmark	6.31	−1.21	85.17	1	62,048	−1.56	2,717,890	69,800,000	0
Djibouti	37.80	0.27	49.57	1	5,693	1.34	−110062	3,418,667	0
Dominican	29.28	0.71	70.63	1	19,951	−0.20	−1648,797	11,100,000	0
Ecuador	28.02	0.64	71.24	1	12,914	0.07	−717824	23,200,000	0
Egypt	38.00	0.61	67.53	1	13,882	1.32	−5243,019	31,000,000	0
El Salvador	31.43	0.90	68.92	1	9,800	0.05	−391543	5,941,000	0
Estonia	19.72	−0.70	79.55	1	38,851	−1.19	−674252	16,600,000	0
Ethiopia	40.96	0.17	54.69	1	2,380	1.20	−2502,088	3,036,333	0
Finland	10.17	−1.90	85.94	1	53,191	−1.57	9,741,019	72,000,000	0
France	14.87	−1.20	81.03	1	50,219	−1.12	34,500,000	577,000,000	1
Gambia	37.09	0.21	58.44	0	2,480	0.93	−52297	95,000	0
Georgia	27.30	−1.07	72.95	1	17,377	−0.17	−741735	3,862,667	0
Germany	12.43	−1.23	82.42	1	58,384	−1.40	25,400,000	9,670,000,000	1
Ghana	32.20	0.07	62.13	0	5,367	−0.51	−2126,824	14,000,000	0
Greece	25.93	−0.11	76.34	1	32,772	−0.78	−2656,499	27,800,000	0
Guatemala	33.33	0.85	59.88	1	10,317	0.39	−581995	11,800,000	0
Guinea	39.26	1.04	52.79	1	3,022	0.86	−650250	5,342,667	0
Guyana	29.39	0.66	63.23	0	26,444	−0.22	−439045	5,292,333	0
Haiti	40.47	1.20	52.60	1	3,193	0.90	−69979	986,666	0
Honduras	34.59	−0.11	62.53	1	6,058	0.48	−598722	9,326,667	0
Hungary	18.64	−0.58	78.48	1	35,267	−0.43	−2173,212	129,000,000	0
Iceland	11.18	−1.89	78.24	1	55,345	−1.36	−136350	4,996,000	0
India	38.28	0.30	60.31	0	7561	−0.28	−23,400,000	340,000,000	0
Indonesia	33.12	0.59	67.58	1	12,583	−0.15	−9554,922	252,000,000	0
Iraq	51.68	0.36	62.32	1	11,401	0.98	3,878,776	85,200,000	0
Ireland	11.73	−1.34	79.48	0	94,559	−1.34	6,074,221	168,000,000	0
Israel	25.69	−0.83	72.93	0	43,727	−0.69	−4282,151	63,100,000	0
Italy	21.35	−0.11	78.20	1	43,239	−1.01	−5866,406	563,000,000	0
Jamaica	27.91	−0.40	68.96	0	10,212	−0.61	−473352	1,756,667	0
Japan	12.11	−1.00	79.12	1	44,306	−0.99	909,000,000	700,000,000	0
Jordan	33.98	−0.07	68.85	1	10,050	0.74	−837884	9,354,000	0
Kazakhstan	29.08	0.69	71.14	1	29,768	1.16	−6248,437	36,800,000	0
Kenya	44.06	0.50	60.62	0	4,699	0.23	−389281	6,313,333	0
Korea, Rep	21.03	−0.26	77.24	1	45,550	−0.77	14,600,000	578,000,000	0
Kuwait	31.65	0.59	63.93	0	51,120	0.64	3,037,696	67,900,000	0
Kyrgyz	28.88	0.99	73.72	1	5,679	0.49	−239603	2,239,667	0
Lao PDR	33.05	0.41	62.48	1	7981	1.72	−759578	6,008,000	0
Latvia	18.36	0.12	79.64	1	33,366	−0.85	−277930	17,000,000	0
Lebanon	38.30	0.80	65.05	1	14,749	0.55	−1197,194	10,100,000	0
Lesotho	34.17	0.34	54.68	0	2,820	−0.01	−40027	965,333	0
Liberia	35.52	1.03	50.59	0	1,609	0.05	−147253	642,333	0
Lithuania	19.64	−1.03	75.74	1	39,726	−0.98	−175186	33,700,000	0
Luxembourg	16.80	−2.09	74.68	1	115,165	−1.51	−145000	16,100,000	0
Macedonia	40.59	0.32	70.85	1	15,967	0.13	−531350	5,850,500	0
Madagascar	36.36	0.83	49.54	1	1,697	0.31	−315175	2,859,000	0
Malawi	37.76	0.41	53.80	0	1,618	0.01	−99802	927,333	0
Malaysia	27.99	0.02	68.93	0	29,198	0.27	−897389	234,000,000	0
Mali	35.97	0.37	54.30	1	2,417	0.49	−242390	106,000,000	0
Mauritania	46.92	0.37	55.40	1	5,650	0.79	−348233	2,564,000	0
Mauritius	14.34	0.18	68.30	1	24,309	−0.72	−3180,525	2,341,667	0
Mexico	36.97	0.36	69.26	1	21,673	−0.04	−18,900,000	276,000,000	0
Moldova	27.79	0.13	74.84	1	13,551	0.06	−111208	2,933,333	0
Mongolia	25.89	0.49	64.79	1	13,720	0.01	748,276	9,037,667	0
Montenegro	33.58	0.04	67.36	1	19,856	−0.07	−395350	416,500	0
Morocco	29.59	0.23	68.37	1	8,160	0.62	−1446,522	17,300,000	0
Mozambique	34.86	0.83	52.82	1	1,447	0.50	−1599,503	5,538,667	0
Myanmar	44.78	0.78	63.36	0	4,836	1.17	−1682,579	14,000,000	0
Namibia	29.52	−0.30	64.12	1	11,170	−0.53	−168947	5,834,000	0
Nepal	29.27	0.66	65.32	0	4,011	0.14	−58111	832,333	0
Netherlands	9.36	−1.92	79.44	1	62,776	−1.52	42,800,000	744,000,000	1
New Zealand	7.26	−2.20	77.86	0	45,521	−1.58	−1549,788	336,000,000	0
Nicaragua	28.66	1.08	65.79	1	6,534	1.04	−562499	5,724,667	0
Niger	39.10	0.60	50.44	1	1,399	0.46	−229819	1,110,333	0
Nigeria	48.07	1.05	53.50	0	5,610	0.44	−1109,772	50,600,000	0
Norway	8.96	−2.11	81.93	1	77,736	−1.71	15,100,000	128,000,000	0
Oman	31.71	−0.21	67.41	0	36,994	1.08	−2379,512	81,900,000	0
Pakistan	49.07	0.82	57.85	0	5,532	0.79	−1427,929	24,100,000	0
Panama	25.05	0.56	66.26	1	33,101	−0.53	−3138,514	12,800,000	0
Papua	43.74	0.83	52.76	0	4,346	−0.07	−74301	11,500,000	0
Paraguay	26.79	0.87	67.12	1	14,213	0.01	−220375	11,100,000	0
Peru	29.70	0.56	71.31	1	13,939	−0.17	−3981,481	49,000,000	0
Philippines	38.58	0.52	65.85	1	9,059	−0.04	−3906,986	65,600,000	0
Poland	18.85	−0.64	80.42	1	36,579	−0.71	−6568,663	180,000,000	0
Portugal	10.52	−0.82	78.49	1	39,431	−1.19	−3520,556	69,200,000	0
Qatar	25.41	−0.81	65.24	1	99,123	1.13	4,279,094	79,700,000	1
Romania	23.44	0.07	76.82	1	33,617	−0.54	−3614,363	81,300,000	0
Russian	36.02	0.88	72.61	1	16,041	1.15	4,130,249	275,000,000	0
Rwanda	37.93	−0.59	59.21	1	5,406	1.07	−193553	1,444,000	0
Saudi Arabia	36.01	−0.31	64.03	1	24,485	1.63	5,499,251	159,000,000	0
Senegal	29.69	0.02	59.54	1	12,803	−0.24	−348678	3,858,667	0
Serbia	24.21	0.37	74.98	1	27,884	−0.03	−1940,522	21,700,000	0
Sierra Leone	33.14	0.62	53.74	0	63,989	0.17	−129731	10,700,000	0
Singapore	11.31	−2.11	71.61	0	67,454	0.09	−29,200,000	258,000,000	0
Slovak Republic	26.26	−0.22	77.37	1	36,448	−0.89	−981100	85,200,000	0
Slovenia	15.36	−0.82	80.09	1	20,085	−0.98	−686087	38,600,000	0
South Africa	34.09	0.07	62.48	0	9,282	−0.66	241,339	50,100,000	0
Spain	13.09	−0.64	79.34	1	43,587	−1.02	−2711,432	353,000,000	0
Sri Lanka	28.40	0.34	68.57	1	13,282	0.09	−736832	11,400,000	0
Sudan	52.50	1.44	49.66	0	4,122	1.72	−733524	3,784,000	0
Suriname	40.36	0.26	70.50	1	17,261	−0.35	−209600	1,754,500	0
Sweden	9.15	−2.12	85.30	1	58,052	−1.55	−60585	168,000,000	0
Switzerland	7.18	−2.00	79.93	1	77,581	−1.57	47,900,000	345,000,000	0
Tajikistan	37.38	1.32	68.20	1	3,897	1.68	−151933	1,230,000	0
Tanzania	37.32	0.42	57.08	0	3,034	0.42	−612288	5,277,667	0
Thailand	34.79	0.41	73.77	1	19,524	0.88	4,697,940	251,000,000	0
Togo	36.25	0.68	55.11	1	2,406	0.69	184,815	1,183,333	0
Trinidad	25.72	0.31	64.22	0	28,521	−0.58	255,181	9,029,333	0
Tunisia	25.31	0.15	70.74	1	12,115	−0.10	−537377	12,700,000	0
Turkey	37.11	0.33	69.72	1	32,874	0.79	−6539,887	194,000,000	0
Uganda	37.90	1.04	54.34	0	2,455	0.71	−561184	3,910,333	0
Ukraine	35.93	0.77	73.78	1	13,929	0.02	−2939,402	39,900,000	0
UK	13.24	−1.78	81.27	0	50,371	−1.29	−98,500,000	473,000,000	1
United States	15.55	−1.26	74.25	0	67,455	−0.97	−173,000,000	1,710,000,000	1
Uruguay	14.64	−1.37	76.07	1	26,700	−1.20	842,386	7,911,333	0
Uzbekistan	30.58	0.99	67.74	1	7924	1.61	−760625	13,300,000	0
37.28519	37.28	1.49	63.03	1	17,402	1.36	−9,009	2.3,200,000
Vietnam	24.96	0.41	71.91	1	11,067	1.37	−8840,017	258,000,000	0
Zambia	34.96	0.53	54.37	0	3,711	0.24	−283129	5,210,667	0
Zimbabwe	39.48	1.24	57.43	0	3,087	1.14	−353418	2,539,333	0

Country	MS	CORRUP	SDG	STAKE	GDPP	FOI	FDI(000)	EXPORT(000)	MAN
Afghanistan	57.98	1.39	50.27	1	2052	1.26	−53397	791,333	0
Albania	30.92	0.43	72.48	1	15,657	−0.16	−749116	3,051,000	0
Algeria	32.76	0.65	70.47	1	13,519	0.95	737,677	41,200,000	0
Angola	36.88	1.06	51.27	1	7430	0.94	2,305,540	35,600,000	0
Argentina	20.48	0.27	73.01	1	24,320	−0.52	−3828,503	62,200,000	0
Armenia	29.90	0.29	71.08	1	15,592	0.21	−174463	4,206,333	0
Australia	9.28	−1.79	75.86	0	55,513	−1.35	−35,700,000	273,000,000	1
Austria	8.97	−1.46	81.73	1	61,131	−1.37	1,240,543	236,000,000	0
Azerbaijan	31.80	0.90	72.00	1	17,535	1.50	−522159	22,400,000	0
Bahrain	32.12	0.41	64.18	0	52,034	1.40	91,757	18,700,000	0
Bangladesh	33.74	0.15	61.81	0	6,332	0.69	−1565,129	43,300,000	0
Barbados	36.33	−1.33	70.67	0	15,975	−1.09	−231500	482,500	0
Belarus	29.75	−0.35	76.20	1	22,655	1.44	−832345	32,400,000	0
Belgium	13.05	−0.93	79.36	1	57,196	−1.32	−5796,506	476,000,000	0
Benin	27.52	−0.12	52.65	1	3,496	−0.10	−99667	3,063,000	0
Bolivia	28.50	0.67	65.07	1	9,029	0.09	−211112	9,021,667	0
Bosnia Herz	30.77	0.12	71.86	1	16,945	0.24	−297666	7,247,333	0
Botswana	26.77	−0.37	61.42	1	17,543	−0.43	−58995	6,454,333	0
Brazil	25.03	−0.13	72.52	1	16,619	−0.34	−45,300,000	250,000,000	0
Brunei	55.55	−0.68	66.15	0	59,064	0.88	−182800	5,724,500	0
Bulgaria	23.71	0.14	73.75	1	27,259	−0.34	−516735	36,000,000	0
Burkina Faso	32.84	0.59	53.18	1	2,263	0.22	−180482	3,357,333	0
Burundi	43.88	1.30	54.12	1	842	1.53	−334	169,666	0
Cambodia	36.66	1.23	62.62	1	4,519	1.21	−1829,936	15,400,000	0
Cameroon	42.25	0.21	55.58	0	4,235	1.10	−453632	3,836,000	0
Canada	11.74	−1.60	77.93	0	52,682	−1.45	17,900,000	470,000,000	0
Chad	44.37	0.64	42.47	1	1749	1.44	883,758	2,820,000	0
Chile	19.31	−0.73	76.98	1	27,380	−0.99	−3433,820	76,800,000	0
China	33.10	0.29	70.75	1	17,845	1.54	−16,800,000	2,660,000,000	0
Colombia	33.85	0.61	69.67	1	16,801	−0.15	−5176,412	41,000,000	0
Congo	80.09	1.41	49.39	1	1,037	1.45	−1170,200	13,600,000	0
Congo Rep	41.65	0.69	52.45	1	4,931	1.18	382,110	8,343,667	0
Costa Rica	20.39	−0.31	73.13	1	22,782	−1.09	−1521,611	13,600,000	0
Croatia	22.24	−0.07	79.39	1	33,332	−0.52	−1080858	18,700,000	0
Cyprus	18.27	−0.71	72.97	0	44,459	−0.97	−2841,025	4,156,667	0
Czech Republic	16.59	−1.17	80.06	1	43,683	−0.95	−3318,910	123,000,000	0
Côte d'Ivoire	36.53	0.29	58.17	1	5,890	0.32	−342110	14,400,000	0
Denmark	6.31	−1.21	85.17	1	62,048	−1.56	2,717,890	69,800,000	0
Djibouti	37.80	0.27	49.57	1	5,693	1.34	−110062	3,418,667	0
Dominican	29.28	0.71	70.63	1	19,951	−0.20	−1648,797	11,100,000	0
Ecuador	28.02	0.64	71.24	1	12,914	0.07	−717824	23,200,000	0
Egypt	38.00	0.61	67.53	1	13,882	1.32	−5243,019	31,000,000	0
El Salvador	31.43	0.90	68.92	1	9,800	0.05	−391543	5,941,000	0
Estonia	19.72	−0.70	79.55	1	38,851	−1.19	−674252	16,600,000	0
Ethiopia	40.96	0.17	54.69	1	2,380	1.20	−2502,088	3,036,333	0
Finland	10.17	−1.90	85.94	1	53,191	−1.57	9,741,019	72,000,000	0
France	14.87	−1.20	81.03	1	50,219	−1.12	34,500,000	577,000,000	1
Gambia	37.09	0.21	58.44	0	2,480	0.93	−52297	95,000	0
Georgia	27.30	−1.07	72.95	1	17,377	−0.17	−741735	3,862,667	0
Germany	12.43	−1.23	82.42	1	58,384	−1.40	25,400,000	9,670,000,000	1
Ghana	32.20	0.07	62.13	0	5,367	−0.51	−2126,824	14,000,000	0
Greece	25.93	−0.11	76.34	1	32,772	−0.78	−2656,499	27,800,000	0
Guatemala	33.33	0.85	59.88	1	10,317	0.39	−581995	11,800,000	0
Guinea	39.26	1.04	52.79	1	3,022	0.86	−650250	5,342,667	0
Guyana	29.39	0.66	63.23	0	26,444	−0.22	−439045	5,292,333	0
Haiti	40.47	1.20	52.60	1	3,193	0.90	−69979	986,666	0
Honduras	34.59	−0.11	62.53	1	6,058	0.48	−598722	9,326,667	0
Hungary	18.64	−0.58	78.48	1	35,267	−0.43	−2173,212	129,000,000	0
Iceland	11.18	−1.89	78.24	1	55,345	−1.36	−136350	4,996,000	0
India	38.28	0.30	60.31	0	7561	−0.28	−23,400,000	340,000,000	0
Indonesia	33.12	0.59	67.58	1	12,583	−0.15	−9554,922	252,000,000	0
Iraq	51.68	0.36	62.32	1	11,401	0.98	3,878,776	85,200,000	0
Ireland	11.73	−1.34	79.48	0	94,559	−1.34	6,074,221	168,000,000	0
Israel	25.69	−0.83	72.93	0	43,727	−0.69	−4282,151	63,100,000	0
Italy	21.35	−0.11	78.20	1	43,239	−1.01	−5866,406	563,000,000	0
Jamaica	27.91	−0.40	68.96	0	10,212	−0.61	−473352	1,756,667	0
Japan	12.11	−1.00	79.12	1	44,306	−0.99	909,000,000	700,000,000	0
Jordan	33.98	−0.07	68.85	1	10,050	0.74	−837884	9,354,000	0
Kazakhstan	29.08	0.69	71.14	1	29,768	1.16	−6248,437	36,800,000	0
Kenya	44.06	0.50	60.62	0	4,699	0.23	−389281	6,313,333	0
Korea, Rep	21.03	−0.26	77.24	1	45,550	−0.77	14,600,000	578,000,000	0
Kuwait	31.65	0.59	63.93	0	51,120	0.64	3,037,696	67,900,000	0
Kyrgyz	28.88	0.99	73.72	1	5,679	0.49	−239603	2,239,667	0
Lao PDR	33.05	0.41	62.48	1	7981	1.72	−759578	6,008,000	0
Latvia	18.36	0.12	79.64	1	33,366	−0.85	−277930	17,000,000	0
Lebanon	38.30	0.80	65.05	1	14,749	0.55	−1197,194	10,100,000	0
Lesotho	34.17	0.34	54.68	0	2,820	−0.01	−40027	965,333	0
Liberia	35.52	1.03	50.59	0	1,609	0.05	−147253	642,333	0
Lithuania	19.64	−1.03	75.74	1	39,726	−0.98	−175186	33,700,000	0
Luxembourg	16.80	−2.09	74.68	1	115,165	−1.51	−145000	16,100,000	0
Macedonia	40.59	0.32	70.85	1	15,967	0.13	−531350	5,850,500	0
Madagascar	36.36	0.83	49.54	1	1,697	0.31	−315175	2,859,000	0
Malawi	37.76	0.41	53.80	0	1,618	0.01	−99802	927,333	0
Malaysia	27.99	0.02	68.93	0	29,198	0.27	−897389	234,000,000	0
Mali	35.97	0.37	54.30	1	2,417	0.49	−242390	106,000,000	0
Mauritania	46.92	0.37	55.40	1	5,650	0.79	−348233	2,564,000	0
Mauritius	14.34	0.18	68.30	1	24,309	−0.72	−3180,525	2,341,667	0
Mexico	36.97	0.36	69.26	1	21,673	−0.04	−18,900,000	276,000,000	0
Moldova	27.79	0.13	74.84	1	13,551	0.06	−111208	2,933,333	0
Mongolia	25.89	0.49	64.79	1	13,720	0.01	748,276	9,037,667	0
Montenegro	33.58	0.04	67.36	1	19,856	−0.07	−395350	416,500	0
Morocco	29.59	0.23	68.37	1	8,160	0.62	−1446,522	17,300,000	0
Mozambique	34.86	0.83	52.82	1	1,447	0.50	−1599,503	5,538,667	0
Myanmar	44.78	0.78	63.36	0	4,836	1.17	−1682,579	14,000,000	0
Namibia	29.52	−0.30	64.12	1	11,170	−0.53	−168947	5,834,000	0
Nepal	29.27	0.66	65.32	0	4,011	0.14	−58111	832,333	0
Netherlands	9.36	−1.92	79.44	1	62,776	−1.52	42,800,000	744,000,000	1
New Zealand	7.26	−2.20	77.86	0	45,521	−1.58	−1549,788	336,000,000	0
Nicaragua	28.66	1.08	65.79	1	6,534	1.04	−562499	5,724,667	0
Niger	39.10	0.60	50.44	1	1,399	0.46	−229819	1,110,333	0
Nigeria	48.07	1.05	53.50	0	5,610	0.44	−1109,772	50,600,000	0
Norway	8.96	−2.11	81.93	1	77,736	−1.71	15,100,000	128,000,000	0
Oman	31.71	−0.21	67.41	0	36,994	1.08	−2379,512	81,900,000	0
Pakistan	49.07	0.82	57.85	0	5,532	0.79	−1427,929	24,100,000	0
Panama	25.05	0.56	66.26	1	33,101	−0.53	−3138,514	12,800,000	0
Papua	43.74	0.83	52.76	0	4,346	−0.07	−74301	11,500,000	0
Paraguay	26.79	0.87	67.12	1	14,213	0.01	−220375	11,100,000	0
Peru	29.70	0.56	71.31	1	13,939	−0.17	−3981,481	49,000,000	0
Philippines	38.58	0.52	65.85	1	9,059	−0.04	−3906,986	65,600,000	0
Poland	18.85	−0.64	80.42	1	36,579	−0.71	−6568,663	180,000,000	0
Portugal	10.52	−0.82	78.49	1	39,431	−1.19	−3520,556	69,200,000	0
Qatar	25.41	−0.81	65.24	1	99,123	1.13	4,279,094	79,700,000	1
Romania	23.44	0.07	76.82	1	33,617	−0.54	−3614,363	81,300,000	0
Russian	36.02	0.88	72.61	1	16,041	1.15	4,130,249	275,000,000	0
Rwanda	37.93	−0.59	59.21	1	5,406	1.07	−193553	1,444,000	0
Saudi Arabia	36.01	−0.31	64.03	1	24,485	1.63	5,499,251	159,000,000	0
Senegal	29.69	0.02	59.54	1	12,803	−0.24	−348678	3,858,667	0
Serbia	24.21	0.37	74.98	1	27,884	−0.03	−1940,522	21,700,000	0
Sierra Leone	33.14	0.62	53.74	0	63,989	0.17	−129731	10,700,000	0
Singapore	11.31	−2.11	71.61	0	67,454	0.09	−29,200,000	258,000,000	0
Slovak Republic	26.26	−0.22	77.37	1	36,448	−0.89	−981100	85,200,000	0
Slovenia	15.36	−0.82	80.09	1	20,085	−0.98	−686087	38,600,000	0
South Africa	34.09	0.07	62.48	0	9,282	−0.66	241,339	50,100,000	0
Spain	13.09	−0.64	79.34	1	43,587	−1.02	−2711,432	353,000,000	0
Sri Lanka	28.40	0.34	68.57	1	13,282	0.09	−736832	11,400,000	0
Sudan	52.50	1.44	49.66	0	4,122	1.72	−733524	3,784,000	0
Suriname	40.36	0.26	70.50	1	17,261	−0.35	−209600	1,754,500	0
Sweden	9.15	−2.12	85.30	1	58,052	−1.55	−60585	168,000,000	0
Switzerland	7.18	−2.00	79.93	1	77,581	−1.57	47,900,000	345,000,000	0
Tajikistan	37.38	1.32	68.20	1	3,897	1.68	−151933	1,230,000	0
Tanzania	37.32	0.42	57.08	0	3,034	0.42	−612288	5,277,667	0
Thailand	34.79	0.41	73.77	1	19,524	0.88	4,697,940	251,000,000	0
Togo	36.25	0.68	55.11	1	2,406	0.69	184,815	1,183,333	0
Trinidad	25.72	0.31	64.22	0	28,521	−0.58	255,181	9,029,333	0
Tunisia	25.31	0.15	70.74	1	12,115	−0.10	−537377	12,700,000	0
Turkey	37.11	0.33	69.72	1	32,874	0.79	−6539,887	194,000,000	0
Uganda	37.90	1.04	54.34	0	2,455	0.71	−561184	3,910,333	0
Ukraine	35.93	0.77	73.78	1	13,929	0.02	−2939,402	39,900,000	0
UK	13.24	−1.78	81.27	0	50,371	−1.29	−98,500,000	473,000,000	1
United States	15.55	−1.26	74.25	0	67,455	−0.97	−173,000,000	1,710,000,000	1
Uruguay	14.64	−1.37	76.07	1	26,700	−1.20	842,386	7,911,333	0
Uzbekistan	30.58	0.99	67.74	1	7924	1.61	−760625	13,300,000	0
37.28519	37.28	1.49	63.03	1	17,402	1.36	−9,009	2.3,200,000
Vietnam	24.96	0.41	71.91	1	11,067	1.37	−8840,017	258,000,000	0
Zambia	34.96	0.53	54.37	0	3,711	0.24	−283129	5,210,667	0
Zimbabwe	39.48	1.24	57.43	0	3,087	1.14	−353418	2,539,333	0

Note(s): All variable definitions are given in Table 1

Source(s): Table by the authors

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