Regression – RQ2
| Sales growth | Profitability | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estimate | p-value | Estimate | p-value | |
| UNGC | −0.004 | 0.824 | 0.006 | 0.382 |
| OHSAS18001 | 0.028 | 0.033 | 0.033 | 0.000 |
| KYOTO | 0.002 | 0.872 | 0.027 | 0.163 |
| UNGC_ OHSAS18001 | 0.029 | 0.074 | 0.055 | 0.000 |
| UNGC_ KYOTO | 0.046 | 0.536 | −0.067 | 0.154 |
| OHSAS18001_ KYOTO | 0.005 | 0.799 | 0.029 | 0.002 |
| UNGC_ OHSAS18001_ KYOTO | 0.035 | 0.163 | 0.016 | 0.045 |
| Firm size | −0.001 | 0.622 | −0.001 | 0.651 |
| Leverage | −0.024 | 0.321 | 0.018 | 0.284 |
| Eqi | 0.008 | 0.550 | −0.013 | 0.103 |
| Env_Dyn | 0.002 | 0.596 | −0.001 | 0.730 |
| Mkt_share | −0.003 | 0.916 | −0.012 | 0.650 |
| Mtb | −0.425 | 0.615 | 0.175 | 0.230 |
| Intercept | 0.070 | 0.410 | 0.038 | 0.722 |
| Year fixed effects | Included | Included | ||
| Industry fixed effects | Included | Included | ||
| Mean VIF | 2.44 | 2.35 | ||
| Max VIF | 3.25 | 3.88 | ||
| Adj. R2 | 0.129 | 0.168 | ||
| N | 517 | 517 | ||
| Sales growth | Profitability | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estimate | Estimate | |||
| UNGC | −0.004 | 0.824 | 0.006 | 0.382 |
| OHSAS18001 | ||||
| KYOTO | 0.002 | 0.872 | 0.027 | 0.163 |
| UNGC_ OHSAS18001 | ||||
| UNGC_ KYOTO | 0.046 | 0.536 | −0.067 | 0.154 |
| OHSAS18001_ KYOTO | 0.005 | 0.799 | ||
| UNGC_ OHSAS18001_ KYOTO | 0.035 | 0.163 | ||
| Firm size | −0.001 | 0.622 | −0.001 | 0.651 |
| Leverage | −0.024 | 0.321 | 0.018 | 0.284 |
| Eqi | 0.008 | 0.550 | −0.013 | 0.103 |
| Env_Dyn | 0.002 | 0.596 | −0.001 | 0.730 |
| Mkt_share | −0.003 | 0.916 | −0.012 | 0.650 |
| Mtb | −0.425 | 0.615 | 0.175 | 0.230 |
| Intercept | 0.070 | 0.410 | 0.038 | 0.722 |
| Year fixed effects | Included | Included | ||
| Industry fixed effects | Included | Included | ||
| Mean VIF | 2.44 | 2.35 | ||
| Max VIF | 3.25 | 3.88 | ||
| Adj. | 0.129 | 0.168 | ||
| 517 | 517 | |||
Note(s): p-values are two-tailed and robust to heteroscedasticity
Source(s): Authors’ own work
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