Table 2

Overall Means, Standard Deviations, Number of Items, Internal Consistency, Reliability, & Discriminant Validity for All Scales

ScaleMSDNumber of ItemsCronbach’s AlphaMean r with Other scales
Satisfaction2.510.6660.800.37
Cohesion2.750.6460.620.26
Competition2.540.7240.700.13
Difficulty2.000.5460.760.26
Equity2.880.7650.660.36
Friction1.810.5760.640.21
Self-Esteem in Reading2.950.6550.780.21
Teacher Support2.530.7960.700.23

A score of 4 indicates that the student responded “Always” to all of the items on the scale. A score of 1 indicates that the student responded “Never” to all of the items on the scale.

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