Table 4 Descriptive statistics and... | Emerald Publishing

Table 4

Descriptive statistics and normality analysis

Variable	Observation (N)*	Min. (%)	Max. (%)	Mean (%)	STD (%)	Skewness	Kurtosis
TQ	539	1.2155	1.280178	0.37	22.86	10.41	157.73
BGD	223	0.00	20.00	3.35	5.55	1.17	−0.33
ESG	199	1.63	98.61	27.81	17.80	0.91	1.93
ENV	148	0.00	61.91	9.67	14.80	1.48	1.35
SOC	148	0.00	43.86	9.91	11.18	0.88	−0.24
GOV	158	4.88	84.29	43.64	26.25	0.04	−1.60
AGE	560	2.00	60.00	26.72	13.52	0.20	−1.23
TLTA	559	0.00	367.69	1.11	15.53	23.63	558.62
LTA	559	2.99	13.70	8.32	2.18	0.20	−0.09

Variable	Observation (N)*	Min. (%)	Max. (%)	Mean (%)	STD (%)	Skewness	Kurtosis
TQ	539	1.2155	1.280178	0.37	22.86	10.41	157.73
BGD	223	0.00	20.00	3.35	5.55	1.17	−0.33
ESG	199	1.63	98.61	27.81	17.80	0.91	1.93
ENV	148	0.00	61.91	9.67	14.80	1.48	1.35
SOC	148	0.00	43.86	9.91	11.18	0.88	−0.24
GOV	158	4.88	84.29	43.64	26.25	0.04	−1.60
AGE	560	2.00	60.00	26.72	13.52	0.20	−1.23
TLTA	559	0.00	367.69	1.11	15.53	23.63	558.62
LTA	559	2.99	13.70	8.32	2.18	0.20	−0.09

Note(s): N (firm-years) = 560

Source(s): The table is developed by the authors