Table 1 Comparison of students by gender...

Table 1

Comparison of students by gender and talent management program participation

Variables	Female	Male	p-values¹	Talent management	No talent management	p-values¹
BEHAVIOR	0.104	0.210	0.006***	0.22	0.147	0.105
Behavior: loan	0.188	0.348	0.008***	0.356	0.256	0.141
Behavior: loan + savings	0.073	0.200	0.007***	0.203	0.128	0.159
Behavior: loan + arbitrage	0.052	0.081	0.388	0.102	0.058	0.258
KNOWLEDGE	0.340	0.364	0.413	0.386	0.344	0.232
Knowledge: loan	0.352	0.369	0.600	0.449	0.331	0.009***
Knowledge: savings	0.292	0.348	0.368	0.322	0.326	0.961
Knowledge: arbitrage	0.378	0.376	0.971	0.386	0.374	0.646
ATTITUDE	0.403	0.362	0.206	0.345	0.391	0.201
Age	22.260	22.763	0.060*	22.305	22.640	0.115
Sex (female = 1)				0.288	0.459	0.022**
BACKGROUND	0.497	0.605	0.008***	0.582	0.552	0.583
INDEPENDENCE	0.438	0.469	0.346	0.445	0.459	0.856
Budget surplus	6.664	3.3370	0.201	26.333	20.879	0.562
ASPIRATION	0.391	0.513	0.000***	0.517	0.443	0.012***
PERFORMANCE	3.859	3.896	0.555	4.093	3.808	0.009***
Talent management program	0.177	0.311	0.022**
Patience	0.879	0.903	0.005***	0.908	0.888	0.046**
Risk-taking	3.679	4.120	0.315	3.466	4.098	0.400
No present bias	0.981	0.950	0.047**	0.979	0.958	0.881

Variables	Female	Male	p-values¹	Talent management	No talent management	p-values¹
BEHAVIOR	0.104	0.210	0.006***	0.22	0.147	0.105
Behavior: loan	0.188	0.348	0.008***	0.356	0.256	0.141
Behavior: loan + savings	0.073	0.200	0.007***	0.203	0.128	0.159
Behavior: loan + arbitrage	0.052	0.081	0.388	0.102	0.058	0.258
KNOWLEDGE	0.340	0.364	0.413	0.386	0.344	0.232
Knowledge: loan	0.352	0.369	0.600	0.449	0.331	0.009***
Knowledge: savings	0.292	0.348	0.368	0.322	0.326	0.961
Knowledge: arbitrage	0.378	0.376	0.971	0.386	0.374	0.646
ATTITUDE	0.403	0.362	0.206	0.345	0.391	0.201
Age	22.260	22.763	0.060*	22.305	22.640	0.115
Sex (female = 1)				0.288	0.459	0.022**
BACKGROUND	0.497	0.605	0.008***	0.582	0.552	0.583
INDEPENDENCE	0.438	0.469	0.346	0.445	0.459	0.856
Budget surplus	6.664	3.3370	0.201	26.333	20.879	0.562
ASPIRATION	0.391	0.513	0.000***	0.517	0.443	0.012***
PERFORMANCE	3.859	3.896	0.555	4.093	3.808	0.009***
Talent management program	0.177	0.311	0.022**
Patience	0.879	0.903	0.005***	0.908	0.888	0.046**
Risk-taking	3.679	4.120	0.315	3.466	4.098	0.400
No present bias	0.981	0.950	0.047**	0.979	0.958	0.881

Note(s): ¹Mann-Whitney U-test, N = 231, ***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05; *p < 0.1

The table presents mean values by gender and talent management program participation, along with p-values indicating the significance of differences. Composite variables are in capital letters, and italic values denote statistically significant differences

Source(s): Authors’ own work

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