Table 2.

Key requirements for DT adoption

CategoryRequirementDescription
TechnologicalHardware and softwareReliable machines, servers and specialized software for DT operation
TechnologicalIoT and sensorsCollect real-time data for analysis and decision-making
TechnologicalBIM integrationInput from BIM to provide foundational datasets
InfrastructureNetwork robustnessHigh-speed, stable internet connectivity to ensure real-time data flow
InfrastructureCybersecurity measuresProtections against unauthorized data access and cyberattacks
InfrastructureIT infrastructureAdvanced IT systems, servers and reliable communication networks
Data and sourcesReliable information sourcesTrusted and consistent sources of data for ongoing DT updates
Data and sourcesValidated dataAccurate and verified information for model development and operation
Skills and expertiseTrainingWorkforce education on DT tools and processes
WorkforceAdept personnelSkilled professionals trained in DT technology and tools

Source(s): Created by the authors

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