Table 2.

Measurement model assessment: factor loadings, reliability and validity

Latent constructsFactor loadings >0.7 or 0.6Cranach’s alphaCR > 0.7AVE > 0.5
AI adoption 0.864  
AI10.811 0.8900.704
AI20.874   
AI30.874   
AI40.794   
Cultural context 0.8721.8780.624
CC10.792   
CC20.808   
CC30.963   
Collaborative partnership 0.7970.7990.736
CP10.797   
CP20.866   
CP40.760   
CP50.729   
Employee empowerment 0.8040.8050.719
EE10.853   
EE20.887   
EE30.802   
Motivation to protection 0.8830.8940.810
MtP10.864   
MtP20.923   
MtP30.912   
Regulatory framework 0.8131.1030.709
RF10.937   
RF20.839   
RF30.738   
Sustainability development 0.9460.9470.860
SD10.926   
SD20.934   
SD30.938   
SD40.912   
Cultural context x AI adoption    
Cultural context x AI adoption1.000   
Regulatory framework x AI adoption    
Regulatory framework x AI adoption1.000   
Note(s):

Factor loadings, Cronbach’s alpha, composite reliability (CR) and average variance extracted (AVE) are reported. All constructs meet recommended thresholds

Source(s): Authors’ own creation

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