Table 1.

Probability of being satisfied with connection to colleagues when WFH, unstandardized regression coefficients

Variables12
Results from univariate regressionsResults from multivariate regression
Age group (ref: 35–44), years 
−24 −0.056** [−0.094, -0.017] −0.097*** [−0.131, −0.063] 
25–34 −0.014 [−0.042, 0.013] −0.036*** [−0.048, −0.024] 
45–54 −0.009 [−0.050, 0.033] 0.006 [−0.010, 0.021] 
55–64 −0.006 [−0.054, 0.041] 0.009 [−0.006, 0.023] 
≥65 0.020 [−0.039, 0.078] 0.001 [−0.048, 0.051] 
Prefer not to say 0.012 [−0.062, 0.086] 0.055* [0.007, 0.104] 
Time with company (ref: over 12 years) 
0–6 months 0.011 [−0.025, 0.047] 0.011 [−0.012, 0.034] 
6–18 months 0.026 [−0.015, 0.067] 0.029** [0.011, 0.048] 
18 months–3 years −0.008 [−0.028, 0.012] −0.000 [−0.023, 0.022] 
3–8 years 0.001 [−0.031, 0.033] −0.001 [−0.012, 0.011] 
8–12 years 0.006 [−0.023, 0.036] 0.000 [−0.010, 0.011] 
Gender (ref: male) 
Female 0.059* [0.014, 0.105] 0.071*** [0.043, 0.100] 
Non-binary 0.002 [−0.105, 0.110] −0.007 [−0.162, 0.148] 
Prefer not to say −0.016 [−0.066, 0.035] 0.042** [0.016, 0.068] 
Usually present 
One or more children or dependents −0.031* [−0.055, −0.007] −0.032*** [−0.048, −0.017] 
A partner or other family member(s) −0.050*** [−0.078, −0.021] −0.039*** [−0.059, −0.019] 
Friend(s) or flatmate(s) −0.094** [−0.156, -0.032] −0.031* [−0.061, −0.001] 
Other person(s) −0.105*** [−0.142, −0.068] −0.052** [−0.082, −0.021] 
Female # one or more children or dependents 0.006 [−0.005, 0.018] 
Non-binary # one or more children or dependents −0.011 [−0.166, 0.145] 
Prefer not to say # one or more children or dependents 0.008 [−0.020, 0.037] 
Female # a partner or other family member(s) −0.004 [−0.020, 0.012] 
Non-binary # a partner or other family member(s) 0.078 [−0.028, 0.184] 
Prefer not to say # a partner or other family member(s) −0.010 [−0.035, 0.015] 
Female # friend(s) or flatmate(s) −0.065*** [−0.102, −0.028] 
Non-binary # friend(s) or flatmate(s) −0.014 [−0.234, 0.205] 
Prefer not to say # friend(s) or flatmate(s) −0.052 [−0.139, 0.036] 
Female # other person(s) −0.032 [−0.068, 0.004] 
Non-binary # other person(s) 0.227 [−0.362, 0.815] 
Prefer not to say # other person(s) 0.046 [−0.028, 0.120] 
Work area (ref: a dedicated work room or office) 
Dedicated area −0.070*** [−0.084, −0.057] −0.060*** [−0.077, −0.042] 
Non-work-specific location −0.184*** [−0.217, −0.150] −0.097*** [−0.118, −0.076] 
Other −0.141*** [−0.179, −0.103] −0.091*** [−0.121, −0.060] 
Virtual setting 
Dissatisfied with access to IT devices and tools −0.291*** [−0.320, −0.262] −0.181*** [−0.201, −0.160] 
Dissatisfied with access to software applications/ programs −0.277*** [−0.314, −0.241] −0.114*** [−0.128, −0.099] 
Chair (ref: neutral or more) 
Dissatisfied −0.239*** [−0.257, −0.221] −0.110*** [−0.126, −0.093] 
Not important −0.019 [−0.047, 0.010] 0.001 [−0.020, 0.022] 
Desk or table (ref: neutral or more) 
Dissatisfied −0.260*** [−0.286, −0.234] −0.096*** [−0.119, −0.073] 
Not important −0.008 [−0.043, 0.028] 0.014 [−0.010, 0.038] 
  
Country dummies (ref: USA) Yes 
Constant 0.533*** [0.493, 0.573] 
Observations 137, 487 
R2 0.120 
Variables12
Results from univariate regressionsResults from multivariate regression
Age group (ref: 35–44), years 
−24 −0.056** [−0.094, -0.017] −0.097*** [−0.131, −0.063] 
25–34 −0.014 [−0.042, 0.013] −0.036*** [−0.048, −0.024] 
45–54 −0.009 [−0.050, 0.033] 0.006 [−0.010, 0.021] 
55–64 −0.006 [−0.054, 0.041] 0.009 [−0.006, 0.023] 
≥65 0.020 [−0.039, 0.078] 0.001 [−0.048, 0.051] 
Prefer not to say 0.012 [−0.062, 0.086] 0.055* [0.007, 0.104] 
Time with company (ref: over 12 years) 
0–6 months 0.011 [−0.025, 0.047] 0.011 [−0.012, 0.034] 
6–18 months 0.026 [−0.015, 0.067] 0.029** [0.011, 0.048] 
18 months–3 years −0.008 [−0.028, 0.012] −0.000 [−0.023, 0.022] 
3–8 years 0.001 [−0.031, 0.033] −0.001 [−0.012, 0.011] 
8–12 years 0.006 [−0.023, 0.036] 0.000 [−0.010, 0.011] 
Gender (ref: male) 
Female 0.059* [0.014, 0.105] 0.071*** [0.043, 0.100] 
Non-binary 0.002 [−0.105, 0.110] −0.007 [−0.162, 0.148] 
Prefer not to say −0.016 [−0.066, 0.035] 0.042** [0.016, 0.068] 
Usually present 
One or more children or dependents −0.031* [−0.055, −0.007] −0.032*** [−0.048, −0.017] 
A partner or other family member(s) −0.050*** [−0.078, −0.021] −0.039*** [−0.059, −0.019] 
Friend(s) or flatmate(s) −0.094** [−0.156, -0.032] −0.031* [−0.061, −0.001] 
Other person(s) −0.105*** [−0.142, −0.068] −0.052** [−0.082, −0.021] 
Female # one or more children or dependents 0.006 [−0.005, 0.018] 
Non-binary # one or more children or dependents −0.011 [−0.166, 0.145] 
Prefer not to say # one or more children or dependents 0.008 [−0.020, 0.037] 
Female # a partner or other family member(s) −0.004 [−0.020, 0.012] 
Non-binary # a partner or other family member(s) 0.078 [−0.028, 0.184] 
Prefer not to say # a partner or other family member(s) −0.010 [−0.035, 0.015] 
Female # friend(s) or flatmate(s) −0.065*** [−0.102, −0.028] 
Non-binary # friend(s) or flatmate(s) −0.014 [−0.234, 0.205] 
Prefer not to say # friend(s) or flatmate(s) −0.052 [−0.139, 0.036] 
Female # other person(s) −0.032 [−0.068, 0.004] 
Non-binary # other person(s) 0.227 [−0.362, 0.815] 
Prefer not to say # other person(s) 0.046 [−0.028, 0.120] 
Work area (ref: a dedicated work room or office) 
Dedicated area −0.070*** [−0.084, −0.057] −0.060*** [−0.077, −0.042] 
Non-work-specific location −0.184*** [−0.217, −0.150] −0.097*** [−0.118, −0.076] 
Other −0.141*** [−0.179, −0.103] −0.091*** [−0.121, −0.060] 
Virtual setting 
Dissatisfied with access to IT devices and tools −0.291*** [−0.320, −0.262] −0.181*** [−0.201, −0.160] 
Dissatisfied with access to software applications/ programs −0.277*** [−0.314, −0.241] −0.114*** [−0.128, −0.099] 
Chair (ref: neutral or more) 
Dissatisfied −0.239*** [−0.257, −0.221] −0.110*** [−0.126, −0.093] 
Not important −0.019 [−0.047, 0.010] 0.001 [−0.020, 0.022] 
Desk or table (ref: neutral or more) 
Dissatisfied −0.260*** [−0.286, −0.234] −0.096*** [−0.119, −0.073] 
Not important −0.008 [−0.043, 0.028] 0.014 [−0.010, 0.038] 
  
Country dummies (ref: USA) Yes 
Constant 0.533*** [0.493, 0.573] 
Observations 137, 487 
R2 0.120 
Note(s):

Standard errors clustered on countries. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001

Source(s): Authors’ own work
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