Table 2 Example codes, code definitions... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2

Example codes, code definitions and data fragments from early codebook

Code	No. of appearances in the data	Kinds of statements or actions assigned to code	Example data fragment
Clinical concerns	24	Clinician concerns about improvement knowledge e.g. impact on professional practice or impact on patient outcomes	“We need to think about what it means when… we’re just looking at time as a surrogate for quality” (Dr Jason)
Clinician engagement	214	How clinicians engage with improvement knowledge, problems relating to clinician engagement, techniques used to engage clinicians	“I’m not a processing factory, I’m dealing with patients, so don’t tell me about how to optimize [processes].” (Dr Jason)
Epistemic identity	223	Expressions of epistemological stances	Improvement advisors were observed often to value and engage with aggregated comparative performance data
Measuring and evaluating	22	Understandings of the value of different types of measures of performance	“From a values point of view… clinicians engage with… things that relate to quality and safety. Not… efficiency.” (medical manager)
Pinning down the data	38	Usefulness of data – e.g. for improving practice at individual and organizational levels	“Please find below where you’re sitting compared to other staff. The KPI is this.” (improvement advisor)
Tension between disciplines	198	Differing understandings of the meaning or value of improvement / issues of trust or understanding between disciplines, interdisciplinary conflict	“I still have this debate with [improvement advisor] to say, “We did this without any lean.” and he goes, “Well, you did [Lean].” (Dr Jason)

Code	No. of appearances in the data	Kinds of statements or actions assigned to code	Example data fragment
Clinical concerns	24	Clinician concerns about improvement knowledge e.g. impact on professional practice or impact on patient outcomes	“We need to think about what it means when… we’re just looking at time as a surrogate for quality” (Dr Jason)
Clinician engagement	214	How clinicians engage with improvement knowledge, problems relating to clinician engagement, techniques used to engage clinicians	“I’m not a processing factory, I’m dealing with patients, so don’t tell me about how to optimize [processes].” (Dr Jason)
Epistemic identity	223	Expressions of epistemological stances	Improvement advisors were observed often to value and engage with aggregated comparative performance data
Measuring and evaluating	22	Understandings of the value of different types of measures of performance	“From a values point of view… clinicians engage with… things that relate to quality and safety. Not… efficiency.” (medical manager)
Pinning down the data	38	Usefulness of data – e.g. for improving practice at individual and organizational levels	“Please find below where you’re sitting compared to other staff. The KPI is this.” (improvement advisor)
Tension between disciplines	198	Differing understandings of the meaning or value of improvement / issues of trust or understanding between disciplines, interdisciplinary conflict	“I still have this debate with [improvement advisor] to say, “We did this without any lean.” and he goes, “Well, you did [Lean].” (Dr Jason)

Source(s): Authors’ own work