Table 6. Overview of GLPs and...

Table 6.

Overview of GLPs and performance studies

Author/Year	GLPs measurement	Outcome variable	Other variables	Method	Approach	Analyses	Results
Jazairy (2020)	GLPs	Perceptions of green concerns, alignment on green targets		Data from eight LSPs	Qualitative	Thematic analysis	The study reveals that when shippers make green demands, it can actually hinder the implementation of green logistics practices
Baah et al. (2020)	GLPs	Financial performance	Corporate reputation	200 logistics firms in Ghana	Quantitative	SEM	The results show that pressures from organizational and regulatory stakeholders influence the adoption and implementation of green logistics practices, thereby enhancing environmental reputation, which also improves financial performance
Sharma et al. (2023)	GLPs	Circular economic practices	SC flexibility and institutional pressure	Data were collected from 163 electronic and electrical products, textiles, automobiles, and FMCG	Quantitative	SEM	The results from the study are: a) firms can enhance CE adoption driven by I4.0 technologies with green logistics practices as a mediator b) the moderating effect of supply chain flexibility is found to be significant whereas the moderating effect of institutional pressure is found to be insignificant
Kanyepe et al. (2023)	GT, GP, RL	Operation performance	Management commitment	184 employees from randomly selected companies in the road freight sector	Quantitative	SEM	The findings reveal that the adoption of green logistics practices positively influences operational performance
Agyabeng-Mensah et al. (2021)	GLPs	Business performance, EP, SP		Primary data was collected from 274 manufacturing firms in Ghana	Quantitative	SEM	GLMPS positively influence both social sustainability and environmental sustainability
Afum et al. (2022)	Inbound and outbound	Green value competitiveness, social sustainability		Data collected from 438 logistics firms in Ghana	Quantitative	SEM	The results indicate that eco-market orientation has a significant positive impact on green value competitiveness. However, eco-market orientation was found to have an insignificant impact on social sustainability. The results further confirmed the notion that eco-market orientation substantially strengthens the implementation of inbound green logistics practices and outbound green logistics practices
Agyabeng-Mensah and Tang (2021)	GLPs	Green competitiveness and financial performance	Social performance	Data from 152 managers from manufacturing small and medium enterprises in Ghana	Quantitative	SEM	Green logistics practices mediate the relationship between green human capital and green competitiveness, social performance and financial performance
Ueasangkomsate and Suthiwartnarueput (2018)	ST, WR, EE	Export intensity		Data amongst 52 SME exporters	Quantitative	SEM	The study findings reveal that the majority of SMEs actively implement GLM practices across various dimensions
Abdullah et al. (2016)		Customer satisfaction, logistics operations efficiency, overall service quality		Qualitative data were obtained through 30 semi-structured interviews	Qualitative	Thematic analysis	Studies indicated that green initiatives adoption by 3PL companies can reduce environmental impact
de Paula Alvarenga (2023)	GP, GT, GW&B	Efficiency performance		138 logistics firms in Brazil	Quantitative	SEM	The results demonstrate the influence of institutional pressures on green logistics activities as well as the impact of green logistics on efficiency performance (costs)
Mogeni and Kiarie (2016)	ED, GPur, RL, RP	SC performance		The research focused on 10 multinational organizations in Kenya	Quantitative	Regression	The study revealed that implementing green logistics practices positively impacts the performance of supply chains in multinational organizations in Kenya
Baah et al. (2021)	GME, SIS, SPD, ST, WM, RL	Environmental reputation and financial performance		Data is collected from 155 logistics firms in Ghana	Quantitative	SEM	The findings of the study showed that sustainable logistics practices had enormous influence on environmental reputation and financial performance
Elzarka (2020)	GT, WR, EEO		Environmental attitude	Logistics service companies in Egypt	Quantitative	Regression	The findings highlight that higher levels of employee engagement positively correlate with greater adoption of sustainable practices within LSPs
Vienažindienė et al.(2021)	GT, GW, GP, GAL, WM			The study collected primary data from 292 logistics firms		Regression	The study identifies significant green logistics (GL) practices adopted by Lithuanian transport and logistics companies
Murthy and James (2018)	GLPs					Descriptive	Economic viability plays a crucial role in the adoption of sustainable logistics solutions
Karia (2020)	EFT, ES	Financial performance, sustainability metrics and overall business success					The paper emphasizes the importance of integrating green logistics practices into the operations of logistics service providers (LSPs)
Agyabeng-Mensah et al. (2019)	GLPs	Organisational performance		Data collected from 280 managers	Quantitative	SEM	The findings of the analysis establish positive relationships between the exogenous and endogenous variables
Jazairy et al. (2021)	EFT, AF, edr, GW, GTM, GLS, GP, GMS			Survey responses of 169 shippers and 162 LSPs in Sweden	Quantitative	SEM	The findings reveal that neither of the actors consistently favour a certain type of collaboration mechanisms for facilitating all types of GLPs
ERBAŞI, A. and AKANDERE, G., 2020	GLPs	Task performance and contextual performance		2,000 employees selected using simple random sampling from companies across 39 provinces	Quantitative	Regression	There was a weak positive relationship between the perception of adopting green practices and both task performance and contextual performance
Trivellas et al. (2020)	IS, LE, GW, GP, GT	Sustainable/green performance, business performance and supply chain performance		134 executives of firms in the agri-food sector in Greece	Quantitative	Regression	The results reveal that information sharing, logistics networking and transportation are the most powerful factors that impact sustainable, business and supply chain performance
Youngswaing et al. (2024)		Green logistics effectiveness		A self administered questionnaire was used for data collection from 1638 participants	Quantitative	SEM	Findings indicate that government and organizational environmental Policies, a company’s financial ability to implement green initiatives, commitment to eco-friendly investment, and public environmental attitudes significantly and directly affect the efficiency of green logistics
Yontar (2022)	GM,GM, GC, RL, GT, GC	Sustainable logistics performance		39 criteria determined as a result of the Pareto Analysis and the 5 added criteria,	Quantitative	SEM	The results of this study, in which sustainable logistics practices are at the forefront, form the basis for improving the sustainability performance of the logistics sector

Author/Year	GLPs measurement	Outcome variable	Other variables	Method	Approach	Analyses	Results
Jazairy (2020)	GLPs	Perceptions of green concerns, alignment on green targets		Data from eight LSPs	Qualitative	Thematic analysis	The study reveals that when shippers make green demands, it can actually hinder the implementation of green logistics practices
Baah et al. (2020)	GLPs	Financial performance	Corporate reputation	200 logistics firms in Ghana	Quantitative	SEM	The results show that pressures from organizational and regulatory stakeholders influence the adoption and implementation of green logistics practices, thereby enhancing environmental reputation, which also improves financial performance
Sharma et al. (2023)	GLPs	Circular economic practices	SC flexibility and institutional pressure	Data were collected from 163 electronic and electrical products, textiles, automobiles, and FMCG	Quantitative	SEM	The results from the study are: a) firms can enhance CE adoption driven by I4.0 technologies with green logistics practices as a mediator b) the moderating effect of supply chain flexibility is found to be significant whereas the moderating effect of institutional pressure is found to be insignificant
Kanyepe et al. (2023)	GT, GP, RL	Operation performance	Management commitment	184 employees from randomly selected companies in the road freight sector	Quantitative	SEM	The findings reveal that the adoption of green logistics practices positively influences operational performance
Agyabeng-Mensah et al. (2021)	GLPs	Business performance, EP, SP		Primary data was collected from 274 manufacturing firms in Ghana	Quantitative	SEM	GLMPS positively influence both social sustainability and environmental sustainability
Afum et al. (2022)	Inbound and outbound	Green value competitiveness, social sustainability		Data collected from 438 logistics firms in Ghana	Quantitative	SEM	The results indicate that eco-market orientation has a significant positive impact on green value competitiveness. However, eco-market orientation was found to have an insignificant impact on social sustainability. The results further confirmed the notion that eco-market orientation substantially strengthens the implementation of inbound green logistics practices and outbound green logistics practices
Agyabeng-Mensah and Tang (2021)	GLPs	Green competitiveness and financial performance	Social performance	Data from 152 managers from manufacturing small and medium enterprises in Ghana	Quantitative	SEM	Green logistics practices mediate the relationship between green human capital and green competitiveness, social performance and financial performance
Ueasangkomsate and Suthiwartnarueput (2018)	ST, WR, EE	Export intensity		Data amongst 52 SME exporters	Quantitative	SEM	The study findings reveal that the majority of SMEs actively implement GLM practices across various dimensions
Abdullah et al. (2016)		Customer satisfaction, logistics operations efficiency, overall service quality		Qualitative data were obtained through 30 semi-structured interviews	Qualitative	Thematic analysis	Studies indicated that green initiatives adoption by 3PL companies can reduce environmental impact
de Paula Alvarenga (2023)	GP, GT, GW&B	Efficiency performance		138 logistics firms in Brazil	Quantitative	SEM	The results demonstrate the influence of institutional pressures on green logistics activities as well as the impact of green logistics on efficiency performance (costs)
Mogeni and Kiarie (2016)	ED, GPur, RL, RP	SC performance		The research focused on 10 multinational organizations in Kenya	Quantitative	Regression	The study revealed that implementing green logistics practices positively impacts the performance of supply chains in multinational organizations in Kenya
Baah et al. (2021)	GME, SIS, SPD, ST, WM, RL	Environmental reputation and financial performance		Data is collected from 155 logistics firms in Ghana	Quantitative	SEM	The findings of the study showed that sustainable logistics practices had enormous influence on environmental reputation and financial performance
Elzarka (2020)	GT, WR, EEO		Environmental attitude	Logistics service companies in Egypt	Quantitative	Regression	The findings highlight that higher levels of employee engagement positively correlate with greater adoption of sustainable practices within LSPs
Vienažindienė et al.(2021)	GT, GW, GP, GAL, WM			The study collected primary data from 292 logistics firms		Regression	The study identifies significant green logistics (GL) practices adopted by Lithuanian transport and logistics companies
Murthy and James (2018)	GLPs					Descriptive	Economic viability plays a crucial role in the adoption of sustainable logistics solutions
Karia (2020)	EFT, ES	Financial performance, sustainability metrics and overall business success					The paper emphasizes the importance of integrating green logistics practices into the operations of logistics service providers (LSPs)
Agyabeng-Mensah et al. (2019)	GLPs	Organisational performance		Data collected from 280 managers	Quantitative	SEM	The findings of the analysis establish positive relationships between the exogenous and endogenous variables
Jazairy et al. (2021)	EFT, AF, edr, GW, GTM, GLS, GP, GMS			Survey responses of 169 shippers and 162 LSPs in Sweden	Quantitative	SEM	The findings reveal that neither of the actors consistently favour a certain type of collaboration mechanisms for facilitating all types of GLPs
ERBAŞI, A. and AKANDERE, G., 2020	GLPs	Task performance and contextual performance		2,000 employees selected using simple random sampling from companies across 39 provinces	Quantitative	Regression	There was a weak positive relationship between the perception of adopting green practices and both task performance and contextual performance
Trivellas et al. (2020)	IS, LE, GW, GP, GT	Sustainable/green performance, business performance and supply chain performance		134 executives of firms in the agri-food sector in Greece	Quantitative	Regression	The results reveal that information sharing, logistics networking and transportation are the most powerful factors that impact sustainable, business and supply chain performance
Youngswaing et al. (2024)		Green logistics effectiveness		A self administered questionnaire was used for data collection from 1638 participants	Quantitative	SEM	Findings indicate that government and organizational environmentalPolicies, a company’s financial ability to implement green initiatives, commitment to eco-friendly investment, and public environmental attitudes significantly and directly affect the efficiency of green logistics
Yontar (2022)	GM,GM, GC, RL, GT, GC	Sustainable logistics performance		39 criteria determined as a result of the Pareto Analysis and the 5 added criteria,	Quantitative	SEM	The results of this study, in which sustainable logistics practices are at the forefront, form the basis for improving the sustainability performance of the logistics sector

Note(s): GM = green manufacturing; GM = green marketing; GC = green consumption; GRL = green reverse logistics; GT = green transportation; GC = green communication; IS = information sharing; LE = logistics emission; GW = green warehouse; GP = green packing; GVT = green vehicle technologies; AF = alternative fuels; Edr = eco-driving; GTM = green transport management; GLS = green logistics systems; GMS = green modal shift; EFT = eco-friendly technologies; ES = environmental standards; GALM = green administration and logistics data management; SWM = sustainable waste management; EFT = eco-friendly transportation; WR = waste reduction; EEO = energy-efficient operations; ST = sustainable transport; GW&B = green ware housing and building; ED = eco design; Gpur = green purchasing; RL = reverse logistics; RP = responsive packaging; GME = green monitoring and evaluation; SIS = sustainable information sharing; SPD = sustainable packaging and distribution; WM = waste management

Source(s): Created by author

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