Table 3. Results of hypothesis testing...

Table 3.

Results of hypothesis testing

Hyp.	DV	IDV	Std. Coef. (β)	t-value	Sig. at p < 0.05	Control variable	Std. Coef. (β)	t-value	Sig. at p < 0.05	Total R²	Sig. at p < 0.05
	PS	Constant		3.029	0.003					0.570	<0.001 F= 62.57 (8 / 378)
H1a	Y	PQ	0.142	3.113	0.002	Age	−0.032	−0.940	0.348
H2a	Y	IQ	0.175	3.676	<0.001	Gender	−0.022	−0.629	0.530
H3a	Y	BI	0.251	5.108	<0.001	Education	−0.035	−1.02	0.310
H4a	Y	PE	0.319	6.447	<0.001	Income	0.017	0.484	0.628
	BT	Constant		2.121	0.035
H1b	N	PQ	0.043	0.929	0.353	Age	−0.002	−0.056	0.955		<0.001 F= 59.10 (8 / 378)
H2b	Y	IQ	0.224	4.631	<0.001	Gender	0.049	1.421	0.156	0.556
H3b	Y	BI	0.426	8.519	<0.001	Education	−0.003	−0.073	0.942
H4b	Y	PE	0.163	3.233	0.001	Income	0.011	0.327	0.744
	PUV	Constant		3.972	<0.001		−0.002	−0.056	0.955
H1c	Y	PQ	0.151	3.293	0.001	Age	−0.025	−0.724	0.470		<0.001 F= 61.86 (8 / 378)
H2c	Y	IQ	0.259	5.420	<0.001	Gender	−0.016	−0.463	0.644	0.567
H3c	Y	BI	0.190	3.846	<0.001	Education	−0.012	−0.346	0.730
H4c	Y	PE	0.297	5.986	<0.001	Income	−0.051	−1.46	0.144
	PHV	Constant		4.645	<0.001
H1d	N	PQ	0.014	0.319	0.750	Age	−0.109	−3.27	0.001		<0.001 F= 69.38 (8 / 378)
H2d	Y	IQ	0.290	6.274	<0.001	Gender	−0.054	−1.64	0.102	0.595
H3d	Y	BI	0.286	5.989	<0.001	Education	0.005	0.138	0.890
H4d	Y	PE	0.283	5.895	<0.001	Income	−0.024	−0.718	0.473
	PI	Constant		1.578	0.115
H6a	Y	PS	0.350	6.925	<0.001	Age	0.008	0.265	0.791		<0.001 F= 88.01 (8 / 378)
H7a	N	BT	0.014	0.314	0.754	Gender	0.037	1.193	0.234	0.651
H8a	Y	PUV	0.269	5.926	<0.001	Education	−0.041	−1.33	0.183
H9a	Y	PHV	0.274	5.198	<0.001	Income	−0.001	−0.040	0.968
	BL	Constant		0.954	0.341
H6b	N	PS	0.011	0.202	0.840	Age	0.065	1.919	0.056		<0.001 F= 66.85 (8 / 378)
H7b	Y	BT	0.217	4.424	<0.001	Gender	−0.049	−1.45	0.149	0.586
H8b	Y	PUV	0.399	8.053	<0.001	Education	−0.010	−0.285	0.776
H9b	Y	PHV	0.241	4.194	<0.001	Income	0.069	2.034	0.043
	WOM	Constant		2.403	0.017
H6c	Y	PS	0.265	4.559	<0.001	Age	−0.010	−0.275	0.783		<0.001 F= 54.93 (8 / 378)
H7c	Y	BT	0.139	2.682	0.008	Gender	0.013	0.369	0.712	0.538
H8c	Y	PUV	0.177	3.375	<0.001	Education	0.001	0.015	0.988
H9c	Y	PHV	0.259	4.264	<0.001	Income	−0.045	−1.25	0.212

Hyp.	DV	IDV	Std. Coef. (β)	t-value	Sig. at p < 0.05	Control variable	Std. Coef. (β)	t-value	Sig. at p < 0.05	Total R²	Sig. at p < 0.05
	PS	Constant		3.029	0.003					0.570	<0.001 F= 62.57 (8 / 378)
H1a	Y	PQ	0.142	3.113	0.002	Age	−0.032	−0.940	0.348
H2a	Y	IQ	0.175	3.676	<0.001	Gender	−0.022	−0.629	0.530
H3a	Y	BI	0.251	5.108	<0.001	Education	−0.035	−1.02	0.310
H4a	Y	PE	0.319	6.447	<0.001	Income	0.017	0.484	0.628
	BT	Constant		2.121	0.035
H1b	N	PQ	0.043	0.929	0.353	Age	−0.002	−0.056	0.955		<0.001 F= 59.10 (8 / 378)
H2b	Y	IQ	0.224	4.631	<0.001	Gender	0.049	1.421	0.156	0.556
H3b	Y	BI	0.426	8.519	<0.001	Education	−0.003	−0.073	0.942
H4b	Y	PE	0.163	3.233	0.001	Income	0.011	0.327	0.744
	PUV	Constant		3.972	<0.001		−0.002	−0.056	0.955
H1c	Y	PQ	0.151	3.293	0.001	Age	−0.025	−0.724	0.470		<0.001 F= 61.86 (8 / 378)
H2c	Y	IQ	0.259	5.420	<0.001	Gender	−0.016	−0.463	0.644	0.567
H3c	Y	BI	0.190	3.846	<0.001	Education	−0.012	−0.346	0.730
H4c	Y	PE	0.297	5.986	<0.001	Income	−0.051	−1.46	0.144
	PHV	Constant		4.645	<0.001
H1d	N	PQ	0.014	0.319	0.750	Age	−0.109	−3.27	0.001		<0.001 F= 69.38 (8 / 378)
H2d	Y	IQ	0.290	6.274	<0.001	Gender	−0.054	−1.64	0.102	0.595
H3d	Y	BI	0.286	5.989	<0.001	Education	0.005	0.138	0.890
H4d	Y	PE	0.283	5.895	<0.001	Income	−0.024	−0.718	0.473
	PI	Constant		1.578	0.115
H6a	Y	PS	0.350	6.925	<0.001	Age	0.008	0.265	0.791		<0.001 F= 88.01 (8 / 378)
H7a	N	BT	0.014	0.314	0.754	Gender	0.037	1.193	0.234	0.651
H8a	Y	PUV	0.269	5.926	<0.001	Education	−0.041	−1.33	0.183
H9a	Y	PHV	0.274	5.198	<0.001	Income	−0.001	−0.040	0.968
	BL	Constant		0.954	0.341
H6b	N	PS	0.011	0.202	0.840	Age	0.065	1.919	0.056		<0.001 F= 66.85 (8 / 378)
H7b	Y	BT	0.217	4.424	<0.001	Gender	−0.049	−1.45	0.149	0.586
H8b	Y	PUV	0.399	8.053	<0.001	Education	−0.010	−0.285	0.776
H9b	Y	PHV	0.241	4.194	<0.001	Income	0.069	2.034	0.043
	WOM	Constant		2.403	0.017
H6c	Y	PS	0.265	4.559	<0.001	Age	−0.010	−0.275	0.783		<0.001 F= 54.93 (8 / 378)
H7c	Y	BT	0.139	2.682	0.008	Gender	0.013	0.369	0.712	0.538
H8c	Y	PUV	0.177	3.375	<0.001	Education	0.001	0.015	0.988
H9c	Y	PHV	0.259	4.264	<0.001	Income	−0.045	−1.25	0.212

Note(s): Y – hypothesis supported; N – hypothesis not supported; Std. Coef. = standardized coefficients, DV = dependent variable. IDV = independent variable. Product quality = PQ, information quality = IQ, brand image = BI, promotional efforts = PE, product satisfaction = PS, brand trust = BT, perceived utilitarian value = PUV, perceived hedonic value = PHV, purchase intention = PI, brand loyalty = BL, word of mouth = WOM. Significant at p < 0.05

Source(s): Authors’ own work

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