Table 2. CFA and validity measurements...

Table 2.

CFA and validity measurements

Sources	Latent constructs	Items	Factor load.	Alpha	CR	AVE
Lockwood et al., 2002	Goal achievement	I frequently imagine how I will achieve my hopes and aspirations	0.704	0.845	0.882	0.516
		I often think about the person I would ideally like to be in the future	0.674
		I typically focus on the success I hope to achieve in the future	0.781
		I see myself as someone who is primarily striving to reach my “ideal self”	0.736
		In general, I am focused on achieving positive outcomes in my life	0.769
		I often imagine myself experiencing good things that I hope will happen to me	0.665
		Overall, I am more oriented toward achieving success than preventing failure	0.691
	Failure avoidance	I am anxious that I will fall short of my responsibilities and obligations	0.787	0.741	0.838	0.566
		I often think about the person I am afraid I might become in the future	0.726
		I often imagine myself experiencing bad things that I fear might happen to me	0.852
		I am more oriented toward preventing losses than I am toward achieving gains	0.626
Yan et al., 2021; Francis et al., 2004; Venkatesh et al. (2012)	Social norm	It is expected of me to become healthier	0.715	0.755	0.859	0.673
		People whose opinions I value make me think that I should be healthier	0.865
		People who are important to me want me to be healthier	0.871
Anderson and Cychosz, 1994; Bhattacherjee, 2001; Lockwood et al., 2002; Yan et al., 2021	Attitude toward fitness	Regular exercise is essential to good health	0.715	0.731	0.846	0.648
		Regular physical activity makes one feel better	0.877
		I enjoy physical exercise	0.815
	Health preoccupation	I am alert to changes in my health	0.765	0.701	0.829	0.619
		I am usually aware of my health	0.819
		I take responsibility for the state of my health	0.775
	Healthy identity	I consider myself healthy	0.881	0.770	0.865	0.684
		When I describe myself to others, I usually include my healthy habits	0.693
		Others see me as someone who is a regular healthy person	0.893
	Flow experience	In using the health app or wearable, I felt in total control of what I am doing	0.730	0.540	0.763	0.518
		In using the health app or wearable, my attention is focused entirely on what I am doing	0.672
		In using the health app or wearable, I enjoy the feeling of that performance	0.755
Yan et al., 2021	Perceptions of behavioral change via app	The health app or wearable allows me to set health goals	0.818	0.789	0.864	0.615
		The health app or wearable allows me to record and monitor my health progress	0.725
		The health app or wearable allows me to review goals, update, and change when necessary	0.851
		The health app or wearable will remind me to keep the health behavior regularly	0.735
	Continued usage intention	I intend to continue using this health app or wearable rather than discontinue its use	0.899	0.908	0.935	0.782
		My intentions are to continue using this health app or wearable than use other similar apps	0.871
		I will recommend others to use the health app or wearable	0.845
		If I could, I would like to continue my use of this health app or wearable	0.921
	Satisfaction	I am satisfied with my decision to use this wearable or health app	0.897	0.827	0.897	0.744
		I am satisfied with my experiences of this wearable or health app	0.871
		My choice to use this wearable or health app is a wise one	0.818

Sources	Latent constructs	Items	Factor load.	Alpha	CR	AVE
Lockwood et al., 2002	Goal achievement	I frequently imagine how I will achieve my hopes and aspirations	0.704	0.845	0.882	0.516
		I often think about the person I would ideally like to be in the future	0.674
		I typically focus on the success I hope to achieve in the future	0.781
		I see myself as someone who is primarily striving to reach my “ideal self”	0.736
		In general, I am focused on achieving positive outcomes in my life	0.769
		I often imagine myself experiencing good things that I hope will happen to me	0.665
		Overall, I am more oriented toward achieving success than preventing failure	0.691
	Failure avoidance	I am anxious that I will fall short of my responsibilities and obligations	0.787	0.741	0.838	0.566
		I often think about the person I am afraid I might become in the future	0.726
		I often imagine myself experiencing bad things that I fear might happen to me	0.852
		I am more oriented toward preventing losses than I am toward achieving gains	0.626
Yan et al., 2021; Francis et al., 2004; Venkatesh et al. (2012)	Social norm	It is expected of me to become healthier	0.715	0.755	0.859	0.673
		People whose opinions I value make me think that I should be healthier	0.865
		People who are important to me want me to be healthier	0.871
Anderson and Cychosz, 1994; Bhattacherjee, 2001; Lockwood et al., 2002; Yan et al., 2021	Attitude toward fitness	Regular exercise is essential to good health	0.715	0.731	0.846	0.648
		Regular physical activity makes one feel better	0.877
		I enjoy physical exercise	0.815
	Health preoccupation	I am alert to changes in my health	0.765	0.701	0.829	0.619
		I am usually aware of my health	0.819
		I take responsibility for the state of my health	0.775
	Healthy identity	I consider myself healthy	0.881	0.770	0.865	0.684
		When I describe myself to others, I usually include my healthy habits	0.693
		Others see me as someone who is a regular healthy person	0.893
	Flow experience	In using the health app or wearable, I felt in total control of what I am doing	0.730	0.540	0.763	0.518
		In using the health app or wearable, my attention is focused entirely on what I am doing	0.672
		In using the health app or wearable, I enjoy the feeling of that performance	0.755
Yan et al., 2021	Perceptions of behavioral change via app	The health app or wearable allows me to set health goals	0.818	0.789	0.864	0.615
		The health app or wearable allows me to record and monitor my health progress	0.725
		The health app or wearable allows me to review goals, update, and change when necessary	0.851
		The health app or wearable will remind me to keep the health behavior regularly	0.735
	Continued usage intention	I intend to continue using this health app or wearable rather than discontinue its use	0.899	0.908	0.935	0.782
		My intentions are to continue using this health app or wearable than use other similar apps	0.871
		I will recommend others to use the health app or wearable	0.845
		If I could, I would like to continue my use of this health app or wearable	0.921
	Satisfaction	I am satisfied with my decision to use this wearable or health app	0.897	0.827	0.897	0.744
		I am satisfied with my experiences of this wearable or health app	0.871
		My choice to use this wearable or health app is a wise one	0.818

Note(s):

CR = composite reliability; AVE = average variance extracted

Source(s): Authors’ own work

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