Table 3. Convergent validity and...

Table 3.

Convergent validity and Cronbach’s alpha

Construct	Item	Communalities	F2	F1	F3	F5	F4	Eigen	Variance (%)	Cronbach’s alpha
Construct	Item	Communalities	F2	F1	F3	F5	F4	Value	Variance (%)	Cronbach’s alpha
Cognitive flexibility	CP1: Problem solving posed in lectures increased my interest in course issues	0.797	0.765					6.479	18.51	0.966
	CP2: Course activities stimulated my curiosity	0.841	0.775
	CP3: I felt motivated to explore content-related questions	0.83	0.786
	CP4: I used a variety of information sources to explore problems posed in this course	0.811	0.807
	CP5: Brainstorming and finding relevant information helped me resolve content-related questions	0.841	0.759
	CP6: Course discussions were valuable in helping me appreciate different perspectives	0.815	0.721
	CP7: Combining new information helped me answer questions raised in course activities	0.832	0.724
	CP12: I can apply the knowledge created in this course to my work or other non-class related activities	0.787	0.712
Faculty support	TP1: The instructor clearly communicated important course goals	0.863		0.834				8.342	23.833	0.971
	TP2: The instructor provided clear instructions on how to participate in course learning activities	0.887		0.812
	TP3: the instructor clearly communicated important due dates/time frames for learning activities	0.838		0.816
	TP4: The instructor was helpful in identifying areas of agreement and disagreement on course topics that helped me to learn	0.838		0.794
	TP6: The instructor helped to keep course participants engaged and participating in productive dialogue	0.797		0.785
	TP7: The instructor helped keep the course participants on task in a way that helped me to learn	0.793		0.781
	TP12: The instructor provided feedback in a timely fashion	0.828		0.734
	CP9: Reflection on course content and discussions helped me understand fundamental concepts in this class	0.714		0.732
	TP5: The instructor was helpful in guiding the class toward understanding course topics in a way that helped me clarify my thinking	0.8		0.778
	TP8: The instructor encouraged course participants to explore new concepts in this course	0.731		0.73
Student engagement	SP2: I was able to form certain impressions of some course participants	0.783			0.774			6.12	17.486	0.955
	SP6: I felt comfortable interacting with other course participants	0.698			0.736
	SP7: I felt comfortable disagreeing with other course participants while still maintaining a sense of trust	0.818			0.783
	SP8: I felt that my point of view was acknowledged by other course participants	0.892			0.803
	SP3: Online communication within a class is an excellent medium for social interaction	0.833			0.801
	SP4: I felt comfortable conversing through the online medium in courses	0.802			0.821
	SP5: I felt comfortable participating in the course discussions	0.767			0.833
Sense of belonging	SP1: Getting to know other course participants gave me a sense of belonging in the course	0.729				0.668		3.805	10.872	0.924
	SP9: Discussions in classes help me to develop a sense of collaboration	0.841				0.781
	SP10: I enjoyed teamwork, and valued networking and collaboration	0.836				0.829
	SP11: Even though we were not physically together in all lessons, I still felt like I was part of a group in the course	0.802				0.743
	TP9: Instructor actions reinforced the development of a sense of community among course participants	0.717				0.597
Learner Self-Actualization	TP10: The instructor helped to focus discussion on relevant issues in a way that helped me to learn	0.863					0.699	3.686	10.532	0.953
	TP11: The instructor provided feedback that helped me understand my strengths and weaknesses relative to the course’s goals and objectives	0.859					0.693
	CP10: I can describe ways to test and apply the knowledge created in this course	0.863					0.727
	CP11: I have developed solutions to course problems/exercises that can be applied in practice	0.865					0.682
	CP8 Learning activities helped me construct explanations/solutions	0.82					0.771

Construct	Item	Communalities	F2	F1	F3	F5	F4	Eigen	Variance (%)	Cronbach’salpha
Construct	Item	Communalities	F2	F1	F3	F5	F4	Value	Variance (%)	Cronbach’salpha
Cognitive flexibility	CP1: Problem solving posed in lectures increased my interest in course issues	0.797	0.765					6.479	18.51	0.966
	CP2: Course activities stimulated my curiosity	0.841	0.775
	CP3: I felt motivated to explore content-related questions	0.83	0.786
	CP4: I used a variety of information sources to explore problems posed in this course	0.811	0.807
	CP5: Brainstorming and finding relevant information helped me resolve content-related questions	0.841	0.759
	CP6: Course discussions were valuable in helping me appreciate different perspectives	0.815	0.721
	CP7: Combining new information helped me answer questions raised in course activities	0.832	0.724
	CP12: I can apply the knowledge created in this course to my work or other non-class related activities	0.787	0.712
Faculty support	TP1: The instructor clearly communicated important course goals	0.863		0.834				8.342	23.833	0.971
	TP2: The instructor provided clear instructions on how to participate in course learning activities	0.887		0.812
	TP3: the instructor clearly communicated important due dates/time frames for learning activities	0.838		0.816
	TP4: The instructor was helpful in identifying areas of agreement and disagreement on course topics that helped me to learn	0.838		0.794
	TP6: The instructor helped to keep course participants engaged and participating in productive dialogue	0.797		0.785
	TP7: The instructor helped keep the course participants on task in a way that helped me to learn	0.793		0.781
	TP12: The instructor provided feedback in a timely fashion	0.828		0.734
	CP9: Reflection on course content and discussions helped me understand fundamental concepts in this class	0.714		0.732
	TP5: The instructor was helpful in guiding the class toward understanding course topics in a way that helped me clarify my thinking	0.8		0.778
	TP8: The instructor encouraged course participants to explore new concepts in this course	0.731		0.73
Student engagement	SP2: I was able to form certain impressions of some course participants	0.783			0.774			6.12	17.486	0.955
	SP6: I felt comfortable interacting with other course participants	0.698			0.736
	SP7: I felt comfortable disagreeing with other course participants while still maintaining a sense of trust	0.818			0.783
	SP8: I felt that my point of view was acknowledged by other course participants	0.892			0.803
	SP3: Online communication within a class is an excellent medium for social interaction	0.833			0.801
	SP4: I felt comfortable conversing through the online medium in courses	0.802			0.821
	SP5: I felt comfortable participating in the course discussions	0.767			0.833
Sense of belonging	SP1: Getting to know other course participants gave me a sense of belonging in the course	0.729				0.668		3.805	10.872	0.924
	SP9: Discussions in classes help me to develop a sense of collaboration	0.841				0.781
	SP10: I enjoyed teamwork, and valued networking and collaboration	0.836				0.829
	SP11: Even though we were not physically together in all lessons, I still felt like I was part of a group in the course	0.802				0.743
	TP9: Instructor actions reinforced the development of a sense of community among course participants	0.717				0.597
Learner Self-Actualization	TP10: The instructor helped to focus discussion on relevant issues in a way that helped me to learn	0.863					0.699	3.686	10.532	0.953
	TP11: The instructor provided feedback that helped me understand my strengths and weaknesses relative to the course’s goals and objectives	0.859					0.693
	CP10: I can describe ways to test and apply the knowledge created in this course	0.863					0.727
	CP11: I have developed solutions to course problems/exercises that can be applied in practice	0.865					0.682
	CP8 Learning activities helped me construct explanations/solutions	0.82					0.771

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