Four areas (bold and italic in grey) and 12 competences for sustainability of the GreenComp framework (Bianchi et al., 2022). Numbering and abbreviations serve to identify the competences for sustainability in the graphs below
| Embodying sustainability values (Sust_val) | Embracing complexity in sustainability (Emb_compl) |
| (1) Valuing sustainability: To reflect on personal values; identify and explain how values vary among people and over time, while critically evaluating how they align with sustainability values | (4) Systems thinking: To approach a sustainability problem from all sides; to consider time, space and context to understand how elements interact within and between systems |
| (2) Supporting fairness: To support equity and justice for current and future generations and learn from previous generations for sustainability | (5) Critical thinking: To assess information and arguments*, identify assumptions, challenge the status quo and reflect on how personal, social and cultural backgrounds influence thinking and conclusions |
| (3) Promoting nature: To acknowledge that humans are part of nature; and to respect the needs and rights of other species and of nature itself to restore and regenerate healthy and resilient ecosystems | (6) Problem framing: To formulate current or potential challenges as a sustainability problem in terms of difficulty, people involved, time and geographical scope, to identify suitable approaches to anticipating and preventing problems, and to mitigating and adapting to already existing problems |
| Envisioning sustainable futures (Sust_fut) | Acting for sustainability (Act) |
| (7) Futures literacy: To envision alternative sustainable futures by imagining and developing alternative scenarios and identifying the steps needed to achieve a preferred sustainable future | (10) Political agency: To navigate the political system, identify political responsibility and accountability for unsustainable behavior, and demand effective policies for sustainability |
| (8) Adaptability: To manage transitions and challenges in complex sustainability situations and make decisions related to the future in the face of uncertainty, ambiguity and risk | (11) Collective action: To act for change in collaboration with others |
| (9) Exploratory thinking: To adopt a relational way of thinking by exploring and linking different disciplines, using creativity and experimentation with novel ideas or methods | (12) Individual initiative: To identify own potential for sustainability and to actively contribute to improving prospects for the community and the planet |
| (1) Valuing sustainability: To reflect on personal values; identify and explain how values vary among people and over time, while critically evaluating how they align with sustainability values | (4) Systems thinking: To approach a sustainability problem from all sides; to consider time, space and context to understand how elements interact within and between systems |
| (2) Supporting fairness: To support equity and justice for current and future generations and learn from previous generations for sustainability | (5) Critical thinking: To assess information and arguments*, identify assumptions, challenge the status quo and reflect on how personal, social and cultural backgrounds influence thinking and conclusions |
| (3) Promoting nature: To acknowledge that humans are part of nature; and to respect the needs and rights of other species and of nature itself to restore and regenerate healthy and resilient ecosystems | (6) Problem framing: To formulate current or potential challenges as a sustainability problem in terms of difficulty, people involved, time and geographical scope, to identify suitable approaches to anticipating and preventing problems, and to mitigating and adapting to already existing problems |
| (7) Futures literacy: To envision alternative sustainable futures by imagining and developing alternative scenarios and identifying the steps needed to achieve a preferred sustainable future | (10) Political agency: To navigate the political system, identify political responsibility and accountability for unsustainable behavior, and demand effective policies for sustainability |
| (8) Adaptability: To manage transitions and challenges in complex sustainability situations and make decisions related to the future in the face of uncertainty, ambiguity and risk | (11) Collective action: To act for change in collaboration with others |
| (9) Exploratory thinking: To adopt a relational way of thinking by exploring and linking different disciplines, using creativity and experimentation with novel ideas or methods | (12) Individual initiative: To identify own potential for sustainability and to actively contribute to improving prospects for the community and the planet |
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