Table 1

Overview of attributes, ratios and references (first column) and their eligibility to describe changing objectives (first row) regarding LS

Impact (1)Literature – state of the art
KPIsRotation
(z-axis)		Rotation
(x/y-axis)		Processing
parameters		Complexity
(LS)		Impact Rating
(max.: 4)		(Ruffo et al., 2006a)(Valentan et al., 2008)(Valentan et al., 2011)(Merkt et al., 2012)(Conner et al., 2014)(Ahsan and Khoda, 2016)(Almaghariz et al., 2016)(Pradel et al., 2017)(Fera et al., 2018)(Garashchenko, 2018)(Hartogh and Vietor, 2018)(Martof et al., 2018)(Pradel et al., 2018)(George and Chowdary, 2020)(Ben Amor et al., 2022a)(Greco et al., 2023)(Häfele et al., 2023)
Attributes (2)                      
(3D) – part volume  ✓ 1✓✓ ✓✓✓✓ ✓    ✓ ✓✓
(3D) – bounding box volume✓✓✓ 3✓✓✓✓✓✓✓✓    ✓  ✓ 
(3D) – envelope convex volume  ✓ 1        ✓      ✓ 
(3D) – surface area  ✓ 1 ✓✓✓✓ ✓✓     ✓ ✓ 
(3D) – number of triangles    0 ✓✓✓✓          ✓ 
(2D) – cross-section area ✓✓✓3          ✓✓✓ ✓  
(2D) – contour length ✓✓✓3         ✓✓✓✓   ✓
(2D) – number of contours ✓✓✓3     ✓   ✓ ✓    ✓
(2D) – hatch length✓✓✓✓4                ✓
(2D) – number of hatches✓✓✓✓4                ✓
Ratios (3)                      
Area/sphere ratio    0    ✓ ✓        ✓ 
Part volume vs bounding box✓✓✓ 3✓✓ ✓✓ ✓        ✓ 
Part volume vs surface area  ✓ 1 ✓ ✓         ✓   
Surface area vs bounding box vol✓✓✓ 3 ✓ ✓   ✓         
Contour length vs cross-section area ✓✓✓3           ✓     
New ratios of this contribution (4)                      
Contour length vs hatch length✓✓✓✓4                 
Contour length vs part volume ✓✓✓3                 
Number of hatches vs part volume✓✓✓✓4                 
Targets (5)                      
Experimental build time     ✓      ✓    ✓✓  ✓
Estimated/calculated time     ✓   ✓✓✓ ✓ ✓✓  ✓  
Others      ✓✓            ✓ 
Source: Created by authors
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