Table 3.

Estimation results of baseline regression

Variables(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)
EneOsaEneOsaEneOsa
Gplant0.1122*** (0.0164)3.1851*** (0.3449)0.0214** (0.0085)0.7461*** (0.1731)0.0229*** (0.0085)0.7795*** (0.1727)
Age−0.0563 (0.0444)−0.0447 (0.8835)
ROA0.0445 (0.0404)2.5267*** (0.7657)
Lev0.0996*** (0.0268)2.7697*** (0.5235)
Capital−0.0028 (0.0089)−0.0969 (0.1720)
TobinQ−0.0073*** (0.0027)−0.2138*** (0.0494)
Mshare−0.0005* (0.0003)−0.0110** (0.0056)
Indep0.0004 (0.0006)0.0046 (0.0128)
Dual−0.0050 (0.0072)−0.1484 (0.1372)
ControlsNONONONOYESYES
Firm FENONOYESYESYESYES
Year FENONOYESYESYESYES
Constant0.6043*** (0.0091)11.6462*** (0.1788)0.6153*** (0.0010)11.9405*** (0.0209)0.7853*** (0.1758)12.7251*** (3.4237)
N266392663926639266392663926639
R20.00570.01170.84150.85370.84210.8547
Note(s):

Standard errors at the firm-level cluster in parentheses. *p <0.10, **p <0.05, ***p <0.01

Source(s): Authors’ own work

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