Table 2 The summary of relationships... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2

The summary of relationships added to the BBN-based information processing model after empirical validation

	Notation	Added cause-and-effect relationship	Rationale
1	X₁-X₃	Regulatory uncertainties of the demolisher – Contractual uncertainties from FSC-upstream actors	The contractor/developer/ client only needs the demolition job to be done quickly with a minimum cost. For this reason, they do not advocate for or encourage demolishers to engage in waste management. One reason for this is the lack of state and local government incentives. However, the most persuasive cause was the unavailability of regulatory provisions for waste management on demolition sites
2	X₄-X₈	Management of demolisher’s sub-contractors – Workflow uncertainties of the demolisher	Sub-contractors are an asset for demolishers as they have no certainty regarding having jobs every day. With the employment of many sub-contractors, the planning and coordination between them is a challenge for the demolisher, especially due to the strict time constraints in dismantling jobs
3	X₅-X₇	‘As-is’ condition of the building – Health and safety concerns of the demolisher	The ‘As-is’ condition of the building directly impacts the demolisher’s health and safety concerns, even if no uncertainty is present in managing contaminated/hazardous substances
4	X₆-X₈	Management of contaminated/hazardous substances – Workflow uncertainties of the demolisher	If contaminated/ hazardous substances are poorly managed, the entire workflow of demolishers will be disrupted, besides creating health and safety concerns for demolishers
5	X₁-X₆	Regulatory uncertainties of the demolisher – Management of contaminated/ hazardous substances	The absence of proper regulatory guidance makes the management of some contaminated/hazardous substances more difficult and riskier (e.g. rock wool)
6	X₃-X₈	Contractual uncertainties from FSC-upstream actors – Workflow uncertainties of the demolisher	The demolition contracts are merely similar for every project. In most cases, in demolition contracts, there is no single provision around preferred demolition procedure, requirements for source separation and waste management, creating workflow uncertainty for the demolisher
7	X₁-X₈	Regulatory uncertainties of the demolisher – Workflow uncertainties of the demolisher	None of the existing regulatory instruments in SA mention the procedure to follow when deconstructing a building and on-site separation. Thus, regulatory uncertainties directly create workflow uncertainties for the demolisher
8	X₉-X₁₁	Regulatory uncertainties of the waste processor – Contractual uncertainties from FSC-downstream actors	One reason for the minimal usage of reprocessed products is the unavailability of specifications for reprocessed products. For this reason, the FSC-downstream actors cannot specify to waste processors the quality parameters they expect from reprocessed products used in their projects
9	X₁₃-X₁₄	Product description complexities – Human errors	Human errors may occur when the end-user requirements are not collected or are collected but are not accurate or applicable
10	X₁₄-X₁₅	Human errors – Health and safety concerns of the waste processor	Human errors could exacerbate the health and safety concerns of the waste processor
11	X₁₄-X₁₆	Human errors – Workflow uncertainties of the waste processor	It is important to ensure that the waste processor’s workplace is free from dangers and accidents because it is mostly a human-centric job. The entire production process gets affected if there is any threat to the workers
12	X₁₂-X₁₆	Mixed waste received from demolishers – Workflow uncertainties of the waste processor	When mixed waste from demolishers enters the reprocessing plant, the entire process will be disrupted and paused until it is cleaned up. Thus, mixed waste creates an uncertain workflow for demolishers
13	X₉-X₁₅	Regulatory uncertainties of the waste processor – Health and safety concerns of the waste processor	The lapses in regulations undeniably create health and safety concerns for the waste processor
14	X₉-X₁₆	Regulatory uncertainties of the waste processor – Workflow uncertainties of the waste processor	In SA, resource recovery is such a new emerging industry, and there are no regulations to govern resource recovery. Therefore, the waste processors engage in their jobs without proper regulatory guidance, thus creating workflow uncertainties for them
15	X₈-Y	Workflow uncertainties of the demolisher – QA in RLSCs of DW	As RLSCs include demolition and waste processing as consecutive phases, the quality of the demolisher’s workflow is crucial to determining the waste processor’s process quality and the quality of the entire process

	Notation	Added cause-and-effect relationship	Rationale
1	X₁-X₃	Regulatory uncertainties of the demolisher – Contractual uncertainties from FSC-upstream actors	The contractor/developer/ client only needs the demolition job to be done quickly with a minimum cost. For this reason, they do not advocate for or encourage demolishers to engage in waste management. One reason for this is the lack of state and local government incentives. However, the most persuasive cause was the unavailability of regulatory provisions for waste management on demolition sites
2	X₄-X₈	Management of demolisher’s sub-contractors – Workflow uncertainties of the demolisher	Sub-contractors are an asset for demolishers as they have no certainty regarding having jobs every day. With the employment of many sub-contractors, the planning and coordination between them is a challenge for the demolisher, especially due to the strict time constraints in dismantling jobs
3	X₅-X₇	‘As-is’ condition of the building – Health and safety concerns of the demolisher	The ‘As-is’ condition of the building directly impacts the demolisher’s health and safety concerns, even if no uncertainty is present in managing contaminated/hazardous substances
4	X₆-X₈	Management of contaminated/hazardous substances – Workflow uncertainties of the demolisher	If contaminated/ hazardous substances are poorly managed, the entire workflow of demolishers will be disrupted, besides creating health and safety concerns for demolishers
5	X₁-X₆	Regulatory uncertainties of the demolisher – Management of contaminated/ hazardous substances	The absence of proper regulatory guidance makes the management of some contaminated/hazardous substances more difficult and riskier (e.g. rock wool)
6	X₃-X₈	Contractual uncertainties from FSC-upstream actors – Workflow uncertainties of the demolisher	The demolition contracts are merely similar for every project. In most cases, in demolition contracts, there is no single provision around preferred demolition procedure, requirements for source separation and waste management, creating workflow uncertainty for the demolisher
7	X₁-X₈	Regulatory uncertainties of the demolisher – Workflow uncertainties of the demolisher	None of the existing regulatory instruments in SA mention the procedure to follow when deconstructing a building and on-site separation. Thus, regulatory uncertainties directly create workflow uncertainties for the demolisher
8	X₉-X₁₁	Regulatory uncertainties of the waste processor – Contractual uncertainties from FSC-downstream actors	One reason for the minimal usage of reprocessed products is the unavailability of specifications for reprocessed products. For this reason, the FSC-downstream actors cannot specify to waste processors the quality parameters they expect from reprocessed products used in their projects
9	X₁₃-X₁₄	Product description complexities – Human errors	Human errors may occur when the end-user requirements are not collected or are collected but are not accurate or applicable
10	X₁₄-X₁₅	Human errors – Health and safety concerns of the waste processor	Human errors could exacerbate the health and safety concerns of the waste processor
11	X₁₄-X₁₆	Human errors – Workflow uncertainties of the waste processor	It is important to ensure that the waste processor’s workplace is free from dangers and accidents because it is mostly a human-centric job. The entire production process gets affected if there is any threat to the workers
12	X₁₂-X₁₆	Mixed waste received from demolishers – Workflow uncertainties of the waste processor	When mixed waste from demolishers enters the reprocessing plant, the entire process will be disrupted and paused until it is cleaned up. Thus, mixed waste creates an uncertain workflow for demolishers
13	X₉-X₁₅	Regulatory uncertainties of the waste processor – Health and safety concerns of the waste processor	The lapses in regulations undeniably create health and safety concerns for the waste processor
14	X₉-X₁₆	Regulatory uncertainties of the waste processor – Workflow uncertainties of the waste processor	In SA, resource recovery is such a new emerging industry, and there are no regulations to govern resource recovery. Therefore, the waste processors engage in their jobs without proper regulatory guidance, thus creating workflow uncertainties for them
15	X₈-Y	Workflow uncertainties of the demolisher – QA in RLSCs of DW	As RLSCs include demolition and waste processing as consecutive phases, the quality of the demolisher’s workflow is crucial to determining the waste processor’s process quality and the quality of the entire process

Source(s): Produced by author