Number of observations and correlation with post-global financial crisis
| Policy | No. of policy advanced economy | No. of policy emerging economy | Regression and p values | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Left | Right | Populist | Non-populist | |||
| Trade protectionism | 88 | 75 | 0.13 | −0.28 | 0.94 | 0.13 |
| (0.731) | (0.469) | (0.004) | (0.359) | |||
| FDI protectionism | 27 | 71 | −0.47 | 0.19 | 0.43 | −0.29 |
| (0.468) | (0.737) | (0.400) | (0.576) | |||
| Immigration restrictions | 82 | 17 | −0.33 | 1.07 | 1.20 | 0.25 |
| (0.353) | (0.010) | (0.028) | (0.101) | |||
| Anti multilateralism | 97 | 79 | −0.90 | −0.19 | 1.53 | 0.09 |
| (0.041) | (0.697) | (0.000) | (0.418) | |||
| Trade restrictions | 88 | 75 | 0.27 | −0.29 | 0.94 | 0.20 |
| (0.458) | (0.461) | (0.002) | (0.188) | |||
| Industrial policies toward specific sectors | 94 | 96 | 0.15 | −0.62 | 0.47 | 0.14 |
| (0.710) | (0.092) | (0.210) | (0.457) | |||
| Tolerance of concentration | 67 | 58 | −0.20 | −0.35 | 0.39 | 0.04 |
| (0.697) | (0.363) | (0.476) | (0.671) | |||
| Macroeconomic populism | 94 | 96 | 0.23 | −0.01 | 1.44 | 0.24 |
| (0.644) | (0.988) | (0.001) | (0.177) | |||
| Policy | No. of policy advanced economy | No. of policy emerging economy | Regression and | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Left | Right | Populist | Non-populist | |||
| Trade protectionism | 88 | 75 | 0.13 | −0.28 | 0.94 | 0.13 |
| (0.731) | (0.469) | (0.004) | (0.359) | |||
| FDI protectionism | 27 | 71 | −0.47 | 0.19 | 0.43 | −0.29 |
| (0.468) | (0.737) | (0.400) | (0.576) | |||
| Immigration restrictions | 82 | 17 | −0.33 | 1.07 | 1.20 | 0.25 |
| (0.353) | (0.010) | (0.028) | (0.101) | |||
| Anti multilateralism | 97 | 79 | −0.90 | −0.19 | 1.53 | 0.09 |
| (0.041) | (0.697) | (0.000) | (0.418) | |||
| Trade restrictions | 88 | 75 | 0.27 | −0.29 | 0.94 | 0.20 |
| (0.458) | (0.461) | (0.002) | (0.188) | |||
| Industrial policies toward specific sectors | 94 | 96 | 0.15 | −0.62 | 0.47 | 0.14 |
| (0.710) | (0.092) | (0.210) | (0.457) | |||
| Tolerance of concentration | 67 | 58 | −0.20 | −0.35 | 0.39 | 0.04 |
| (0.697) | (0.363) | (0.476) | (0.671) | |||
| Macroeconomic populism | 94 | 96 | 0.23 | −0.01 | 1.44 | 0.24 |
| (0.644) | (0.988) | (0.001) | (0.177) | |||
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