Table 1

Measurement items

ConstructsScale itemsReference
FriendshipThe virtual influencers make me feel like I'm with a friendChung and Cho (2017) 
I look forward to a friendly conversation with a Virtual Influencer
I would have been good friends with Virtual Influencers
ConnectivityVirtual Influencer speaks one of the social influencer's languagesMalik et al. (2023) 
Virtual Influencers look like one of the influencers in the real world
Virtual Influencers represent the social influencers
Consumer commitmentMy relationship with the virtual influencer is something I feel very strongly aboutKim and Chan-Olmsted (2022) 
I would like to keep the relationship I have with Virtual Influencer indefinitely
It's important for me to maintain the relationship I have with Virtual Influencers
Trust propensityI generally have faith in the Virtual InfluencerKim and Chan-Olmsted (2022) 
I feel that Virtual Influencer are generally reliable
I trust what the Virtual Influencer says
Active engagement with the influencerI am interested in sharing the information of the Virtual Influencer with othersLee et al. (2023) 
I would like to participate in the Virtual Influencer activities that are currently offered on the website
I will suggest this Virtual Influencer to anyone who might be interested
I am interested in subscribing to receive information about this Virtual Influencer
Active engagement with the luxury brandI am interested in sharing this luxury brand information with others
I would like to participate in the luxury brand activities that are currently offered on the website
I will suggest this luxury band to anyone who might be interested
I am interested in subscribing to receive information about this luxury brand

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