Circular economy R-principles in the model (debriefing for the second group)
| Circular economy R-principle | Description in the general context | Examples in the model |
|---|---|---|
| Refuse (R0) | Avoiding products that harm the environment or generate waste | Investments in NZ houses or electric buses instead of building traditional less efficient houses or buses |
| Reduce (R1) | Doing an action fewer times or with increased care to decrease usage | Transforming traditional houses into NZ houses to reduce energy use |
| Resell, reuse (R2) | Using items multiple times, buying second-hand and using recycled materials | Increasing investments to collect more recycled materials thereby reducing the overall need for new virgin raw materials |
| Repair (R3) | Repairing old products instead of discarding them | Investments in wastewater infrastructures to prevent leakages and enhance efficiency |
| Refurbish (R4) | Refurbishing discarded products or materials, sanitized to serve their original functions | Investments in water sanitization to increase wastewater reuse |
| Remanufacture, reproduce (R5) | Rebuilding a product to the specifications of the original product | Collecting more discarded products for remanufacturing |
| Repurpose, redesign, rethink (R6) | Using discarded and old items for a different purpose | Allocating areas for leisure and sports and converting traditional houses into NZ |
| Recycle (R7) | Recycling materials for a second life | Recycling general waste for treatment |
| Recover (R8) | Recovering value from the items recycled or (re)used | Burning waste in incinerators to recover energy |
| Remine (R9) | Recovering value from materials after the landfilling | Increasing remining of landfilled items |
| Circular economy R-principle | Description in the general context | Examples in the model |
|---|---|---|
| Refuse (R0) | Avoiding products that harm the environment or generate waste | Investments in NZ houses or electric buses instead of building traditional less efficient houses or buses |
| Reduce (R1) | Doing an action fewer times or with increased care to decrease usage | Transforming traditional houses into NZ houses to reduce energy use |
| Resell, reuse (R2) | Using items multiple times, buying second-hand and using recycled materials | Increasing investments to collect more recycled materials thereby reducing the overall need for new virgin raw materials |
| Repair (R3) | Repairing old products instead of discarding them | Investments in wastewater infrastructures to prevent leakages and enhance efficiency |
| Refurbish (R4) | Refurbishing discarded products or materials, sanitized to serve their original functions | Investments in water sanitization to increase wastewater reuse |
| Remanufacture, reproduce (R5) | Rebuilding a product to the specifications of the original product | Collecting more discarded products for remanufacturing |
| Repurpose, redesign, rethink (R6) | Using discarded and old items for a different purpose | Allocating areas for leisure and sports and converting traditional houses into NZ |
| Recycle (R7) | Recycling materials for a second life | Recycling general waste for treatment |
| Recover (R8) | Recovering value from the items recycled or (re)used | Burning waste in incinerators to recover energy |
| Remine (R9) | Recovering value from materials after the landfilling | Increasing remining of landfilled items |
Source(s): Authors’ own work
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