Table 6

Gregory–Hansen cointegration tests result

ModelADF*Tbt-CriticalDecision
GH-1 (Level shift)−6.675***2002−4.61Reject Null Hypothesis
GH-2 (Level shift with trend)−7.131***2002−4.99Reject Null Hypothesis
GH-3 (Region shift of full break)−7.131***2002−4.95Reject Null Hypothesis

Note(s): Tb is time break. Asterisk (***, ** and *) denote statistically significance at 1%, 5% and 10% levels, respectively. Critical values are obtained from Gregory et al. (1996, Table 1, p. 109) for m = 1

Source(s): Author’s estimation from data

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