Table 1

Description of variables

VariablesDescription
Under-five mortalityRespondent record under-five death in the household (1 = yes; 0 = no)
Attitude towards domestic violence: Domestic Violence (DV) justified if
  1. woman goes out without permission

Respondent says DV is justified if a woman goes out without permission (1 = yes; 0 = no)
  1. woman argues

Respondent says DV is justified if a woman argues (1 = yes; 0 = no)
  1. woman refuses sex

Respondent says DV is justified if a woman refuses sex (1 = yes; 0 = no)
  1. woman neglects children

Respondent says DV is justified if a woman neglects children (1 = yes; 0 = no)
Participation in decision making in the household
  1. Major household purchase

Respondent had a say in household purchases (1 = yes; 0 = no)
  1. Women’s earnings

Respondent had a say about own earnings (1 = yes; 0 = no)
  1. Husband’s earnings

Respondent had a say about husband’s earnings (1 = yes; 0 = no)
Freedom of movement
  1. Visiting relatives

Respondent had freedom to visit relatives (1 = yes; 0 = no)
  1. Visiting healthcare facilities with children

Respondent had freedom to take children to health care facilities (1 = yes; 0 = no)
  1. Going to healthcare facilities for own health

Respondent experienced freedom to go to health facilities alone for own health (1 = yes; 0 = no)
Women’s educationContinuous variable denoting the level (number of years) of education
Women employmentRespondent is employed in a generating income activity (1 = yes; 0 = no)
Women’s ageContinuous variable denoting the mother’s age in completed years
Birth orderContinuous variable capturing the order in which a child is born
Total number of children in the householdContinuous variable capturing the number of under-five children living in the house hold
Preceding birth interval > 24 monthsThe preceding child was born more than 24 months ago (1 = yes; 0 = no)
  • Household wealth

  • Poorest

  • Poorer

  • Middle

  • Richer

  • Richest

A continuous variable derived from the categorization of household’s wealth index into five quintiles ranging from the poorest to the wealthiest households and assigning them increasing figures. This variable takes the value of “1” if the household is classified as poorest; “2” if the household is classified as poorer; “3” if the household is classified as middle; “4” if the household is classified as wealthier and “5” if the household is classified as wealthiest
Sex of child (male)Binary variable coded as “1” if the child is male and “0” if otherwise
Partner’s years of educationContinuous variable denoting the level of education of the woman’s spouse
Maternal healthcare
Prenatal careRespondent had more than 4 prenatal visits (1 = yes; 0 = no)
Hospital deliveryRespondent had delivery in a healthcare facility (1 = yes; 0 = no)
Access to healthcare facilities
Distance is a problemRespondent says distance to visit healthcare facilities is a big problem (1 = yes; 0 = no)
Money is a problemRespondent says to face difficulties in getting money when she wants to go to a healthcare facility (1 = yes; 0 = no)
UrbanRespondent says she lives in an Urban area (1 = yes; 0 = no)
Child immunization statusBinary variable coded 1 if the child is fully immunized and the vaccination card presented and 0 otherwise

Source(s): Authors’ own work

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