Table 2 Stage 1 topics and resultant... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2

Stage 1 topics and resultant themes

Topics	Themes
Lack of emotional preparedness for EOL discussions Anxiety and understanding of diagnosis Fear and sensitivity of death and hospitalization	Family emotional unpreparedness
Personal challenges and realization about individual journeys and avoiding personal biases Importance of self-awareness and clear intent in EOL communication Professional risks about staying within the scope of practice and discussing EOL	Personal challenges in delivering EOL care
Treatment decisions and the delay in recognizing and initiating EOL care Perception of general medicine’s perspective on EOL care Challenges in identifying and discussing EOL care due to medical team dynamics	Organizational constraints delays
Financial constraints for families in accessing additional resources Lack of resources for nursing care in the community Impact of family members’ work commitments on caregiving and affordability of care	Access to adequate community resources for EOL care
Inability of the health service to rapidly respond as people die quickly or are too unstable for transfer Family unpreparedness for EOL care at home Challenges of lack of support and older people providing care	Rapid escalation to EOL
Providing resources and support for families in EOL planning Encouraging open communication with person and families while considering willingness to engage in discussions Consider person and family preferences such as cultural considerations and comfort in EOL care location	Promoting person-centred care and communication
Junior staff find EOL situations confronting due to lack of experience Learning and gaining knowledge through educational modules Completing training on difficult conversations	Enhanced staff competence and confidence
Limited knowledge due to shift work Doctors’ preference to defer decisions and discussions about EOL care to others Fear of working outside professional scope, rely on protocol, and concern about personal/professional risk	Staff hold limited accountability
Building rapport through person-centered communication Compassionate communication for empathy and understanding Tailored information to individual’s needs	Improved person and family involvement in decision-making
Early EOL care discussions lacking Staff detachment from patient needs Reluctance to take personal responsibility	Depersonalized care
Emotional discomfort in EOL discussions Professional strain experienced by HCP Positive outcomes from professional development initiatives	Staff well-being in EOL care situations

Topics	Themes
Lack of emotional preparedness for EOL discussions Anxiety and understanding of diagnosis Fear and sensitivity of death and hospitalization	Family emotional unpreparedness
Personal challenges and realization about individual journeys and avoiding personal biases Importance of self-awareness and clear intent in EOL communication Professional risks about staying within the scope of practice and discussing EOL	Personal challenges in delivering EOL care
Treatment decisions and the delay in recognizing and initiating EOL care Perception of general medicine’s perspective on EOL care Challenges in identifying and discussing EOL care due to medical team dynamics	Organizational constraints delays
Financial constraints for families in accessing additional resources Lack of resources for nursing care in the community Impact of family members’ work commitments on caregiving and affordability of care	Access to adequate community resources for EOL care
Inability of the health service to rapidly respond as people die quickly or are too unstable for transfer Family unpreparedness for EOL care at home Challenges of lack of support and older people providing care	Rapid escalation to EOL
Providing resources and support for families in EOL planning Encouraging open communication with person and families while considering willingness to engage in discussions Consider person and family preferences such as cultural considerations and comfort in EOL care location	Promoting person-centred care and communication
Junior staff find EOL situations confronting due to lack of experience Learning and gaining knowledge through educational modules Completing training on difficult conversations	Enhanced staff competence and confidence
Limited knowledge due to shift work Doctors’ preference to defer decisions and discussions about EOL care to others Fear of working outside professional scope, rely on protocol, and concern about personal/professional risk	Staff hold limited accountability
Building rapport through person-centered communication Compassionate communication for empathy and understanding Tailored information to individual’s needs	Improved person and family involvement in decision-making
Early EOL care discussions lacking Staff detachment from patient needs Reluctance to take personal responsibility	Depersonalized care
Emotional discomfort in EOL discussions Professional strain experienced by HCP Positive outcomes from professional development initiatives	Staff well-being in EOL care situations

Note(s): EOL = end-of-life

Source(s): Authors’ own work